中国的崛起引发了一些俄罗斯人的不安，有些俄罗斯人对中俄力量对比的变化感到不适应。旧有的"中国威胁论"在俄罗斯仍有一定市场。俄罗斯舆论基金会于2008年进行的一项民意调查显示，约60%的俄罗斯人担心日益增多的中国远东移民会对俄领土主权产生威胁，41%的受访者认为中国的强大将损害俄罗斯的利益。随着中国不断寻求新的对外投资贸易机会，同前苏联国家合作不断深化，俄罗斯人担心中国在其周边争夺影响力。这在一定程度上导致了俄罗斯一度对北京的丝绸之路经济带倡议显示出犹豫。不过，俄罗斯最终于2014年表示对该倡议的支持。另外，仍然有中国人因历史上的一些问题对俄罗斯存有不满。尽管双方已和平解决领土争议，沙俄于19世纪末抢占中国大约一百五十万平方公里土地的问题在中国评论界仍常有议论。
China's rise has produced discomfort among some in Russia, where some people have had difficulty adjusting to the shift in relative power between China and Russia. There is still talk in Russia of "the China threat," a holdover expression from past eras. A poll conducted in 2008 by Russia's Public Opinion Foundation showed that around 60 percent of Russians were concerned that Chinese migration to Far Eastern border areas would threaten Russia's territorial integrity; 41 percent believed that a stronger China would harm Russian interests. And as China's quest for new investment and trade opportunities abroad has led to increased Chinese cooperation with former Soviet states, Russians have worried that China is competing for influence in their neighborhood. Partly as a result, Moscow initially hesitated to support Beijing's Silk Road Economic Belt initiative before ultimately embracing it in 2014. Meanwhile, some Chinese continue to nurse historical grievances regarding Russia. Despite the resolution ofthe border issue, Chinese commentators sometimes make critical references to the nearly 600,000 square miles of Chinese territory that tsarist Russia annexed in the late nineteenth century.
然而，以上分歧都不足以支持西方关于中俄关系会渐行渐远的猜测。过去两年，俄罗斯和美国、欧盟的关系由于乌克兰和叙利亚危机每况愈下，关于中俄关系会恶化的评论在西方不时出现。但是，尽管有分歧，中俄对坚定发展两国关系的政策考量是一致的。为双方各自的安全和发展所需，双方必须合作。两国携手既有利于国际政治的平衡，也可推动一些国际问题的解决。双方既有共识，也有分歧，但双方能承认和有效管控分歧，同时不断扩大共识。正如中国外长王毅所言，中俄关系是一条对外交往的新路，可以为其他国家提供一种可以效仿的模式。
However, these differences hardly support speculation in the West that Beijing and Moscow are drifting apart. This theory has occasionally appeared in Western commentary in the past two years, as Russia's relations with the United States and the EU have deteriorated owing to the crises in Syria and Ukraine. Despite some differences, however, China and Russia share a desire to firmly develop their bilateral relations and understand that they must join hands to achieve national security and development. Their cooperation is conducive to balance in the international system and can facilitate the solution of some international problems. Sometimes they agree; sometimes they do not. But they are able to acknowledge and manage their disagreements while continuing to expand areas of consensus. As Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi has noted, the Chinese-Russian relationship offers a new approach for conducting external relations and represents a possible model for other states to follow.
对乌克兰和叙利亚危机的应对，反映了中俄如何有效地维护双边伙伴关系。美国很多人认为中国对乌克兰问题态度不明朗，或怀疑中国倒向了俄罗斯一边。事实上，2014年俄罗斯吞并克里米亚后，中国外交部发言人明确表示，应该尊重乌克兰独立、主权和领土完整。中方强调的是，相关所有各方应通过对话解决分歧，设立协调机制，不采取恶化局势的行动，并协助乌克兰维护经济和金融稳定。中国并未倒向任何一边：在国际问题方面，北京从来恪守公正、公平和客观的原则。
The crises in Syria and Ukraine illuminate the ways in which China and Russia have effectively managed their partnership. Many in the United States see China's attitude toward the conflict in Ukraine as unclear or suspect that China has sided with Russia. In fact, after the Russian annexation of Crimea in 2014, the spokesperson for the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated unequivocally that Ukraine's independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity should be respected. China emphasized that all the parties involved in the Ukrainian conflict should resolve their differences through dialogue, establish coordinating mechanisms, refrain from activities that could worsen the situation, and assist Ukraine in maintaining its economic and financial stability. China did not take any side: fairness and objectivity serve as guiding principles for Beijing when addressing international affairs.
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