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在翻译中我们经常会被一些数字的表达所困扰,不知如何择词。其实,中英文中都有很多词语可以用来修饰数字,以把数的概念表达得更准确,更形象。本文介绍英文中几种常见的修饰数字的方法,或许对读者有所帮助。
1. 表示“不多不少”、“整整”时,可用flat,clear,cool,sharp,exactly,whole,just等。如:
王红跑完二百米正好用了二十二秒。
Wang Hong finished the 200-meter dash in 22 seconds flat.
这位内科医生那天正好看了三十个病人。
The physician treated cool 30 patients that day.
2. 表示“大约”、“不确定”时,可用about,some,around,round about, somewhere about, estimated, approximately, in (of, on) the border of,close to等。如:
太阳的体积约为地球的一百三十万倍。
The volume of the sun is about/ some/around/round about 1,300,000 times that of the earth.
据称,在二千兆赫时,噪声系数约为4~5分贝。
Noise figure in the border of 4 to 5 db at 2 GHz has been reported.
3. 表示“高于”、“多于”时可用more than,odd,over,above, long,past,or more,higher than,exceed,in excess of等。如:
生铁是铁碳合金,其中碳含量超过2%。
Pig iron is an alloy of iron and carbon with the carbon content more than two percent.
只有当火箭速度达到每小时18,000多英里时,才能把人造卫星送人轨道。
Only when a rocket attains a speed of 18,000 odd miles per hour, can it put a man-made satellite in orbit.
4. 表示“少于”、“不到”时可用less,less than,below,under, short of,off,to,within等。如:
他们花了三年差一个月研制这种新材料。
It took one month less than three years for them to develop the new material.
空气中氨的含量略低于1%。
Helium in the air is a little under 1%.
5. 形容数目、数量多时可用full,solid,at least,all of,no less than,as...as等。例如:
仅用了一天时间,他们就看完了足足20种有关射流的资料。
They covered full twenty reference sources on fluidics in a single day.
马达连续运转了足有450天。
The motor ran 450 solid days on end.
6. 形容数目小,数量少时可用only,merely,barely,scarcely, but,at most,no more than,scant等。例如:
那辆太阳能汽车重量仅为500公斤。
That solar-energy car weighs only/ merely/barely/scarcely/but 500kg.
检验安装工作仅用了两个小时。
Inspection time for the installation was no more than 2 hours.
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