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(1)引导时间状语从句
while引导时间状语从句时,其从句的位置比较灵活,可位于主句之前或之后。通常while引导的状语从句的动作与主句的动作几乎是同时发生,可译为“当……吋”、 “正当……时候”、“(在)……同时”等。如:
* While people performed these tasks, their brains were observed in action by a technique called positron emission tomography (PET) scanning.
当受试者进行这些工作时.用一种叫做正电子放射断层扫描的技术观察他们的脑部活动。
* While the moon is revolving around the earth, the earth is also revolving around the sun.
在月球绕着地球旋转的同吋.地球也在绕着太阳旋转。
* Press the two parts together while the glue is tacky.
趁胶水还有粘性的时候,把两部分压合。
(2) 引导让步状语从句
while引导让步状语从句时,可译为“虽然”、“尽管”等。如:
* While astronomers are eager to solve existing riddles about Neptune, the most exciting prospect is that Voyager 2 will find something unanticipated.
虽然天文学家渴望揭开现有的关于海王星之谜,但最令人振奋的前景是“旅行者2号”会发现ー些意想不到的东西。
* Engineering, while not a basic science, draws heavily upon the scientific disciplines when it goes to any practical field.
虽然工程学不是ー门基础科学,但是当它应用于任何一个实际领域时,都会大量地使用许多学科的知识。
(3) 引导原因状语从句,相当于since,译为“既然”。如:
* While heat and work are convertible, the most important thing to know about any device is its efficiency.
既然热和功可以相互转换,那么对于任何机械要了解的最重要的问题就是它的效率。
* While fatigue is a statistical occurrence, the percent probability of failure of an antifriction bearing also must be considered.
由于疲劳是统计中应考虑的事件,所以也必须考虑滚动轴承失效的百分比概率。
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