II

二

4. The China-India boundary in the Sikkim Sector has already been delimited by the 1890 Convention Between Great Britain and China Relating to Sikkim and Tibet (hereinafter referred to as the 1890 Convention, see Appendix II). Article I of this Convention stipulates that "The boundary of Sikkim and Tibet shall be the crest of the mountain range separating the waters flowing into the Sikkim Teesta and its affluents from the waters flowing into the Tibetan Mochu and northwards into other Rivers of Tibet. The line commences at Mount Gipmochi on the Bhutan frontier, and follows the above-mentioned water-parting to the point where it meets Nipal territory." (Mount Gipmochi is currently known as Mount Ji Mu Ma Zhen.) The Convention gives a clear and precise description of the alignment of the boundary in this sector. The actual boundary on the ground follows the watershed and its alignment is easily identifiable.

4、中印边界锡金段已由1890年《中英会议藏印条约》（以下简称"1890年条约"，见附件2）划定。该条约第一款规定："藏、哲之界，以自布坦交界之支莫挚山起，至廓尔喀边界止，分哲属梯斯塔及近山南流诸小河，藏属莫竹及近山北流诸小河，分水流之一带山顶为界"（注：支莫挚山即今吉姆马珍山）。此段边界线走向条约叙述清晰准确，实地边界线沿分水岭而行，走向清晰可辨。

5. After the founding of the People's Republic of China and the independence of India, the governments of both countries inherited the 1890 Convention and the delimited China-India boundary in the Sikkim Sector as established by the Convention. This is evidenced by Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru's letters to Chinese Premier Chou En-lai, diplomatic notes from the Indian Embassy in China to the Chinese Foreign Ministry, and documents provided by the Indian side in the Special Representatives Talks on China-India Boundary Question (see Appendix III). Each of the two sides has for long exercised jurisdiction over its side of the boundary delimited by the 1890 Convention without any dispute over the specific alignment of the boundary. Once a boundary is established by a convention, it is under particular protection of international law and shall not be violated.

5、新中国成立和印度独立后，两国政府均继承了1890年条约以及据此确定的中印边界锡金段已定界，这反映在印度总理尼赫鲁给中国总理周恩来的信件、印度驻华使馆给中国外交部的照会、中印边界问题特别代表会晤印方提交的文件中（见附件3）。长期以来，中印两国按1890年条约确定的边界线实施管辖，对于边界线的具体走向没有异议。边界一经条约确定，即受国际法特别保护，不得侵犯。

6. Since 18 June, the Indian border troops have illegally crossed the China-India boundary in the Sikkim Sector and entered the Chinese territory. This is an undeniable fact. The incident occurred in an area where there is a clear and delimited boundary. This makes it fundamentally different from past frictions between the border troops of the two sides in areas with delimited boundary. The Indian border troops' crossing of the already delimited boundary is a very serious incident, as it violates China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, contravenes the 1890 Convention and the UN Charter, and tramples grossly on the basic principles of international law and basic norms governing international relations.

6、6月18日以来，印度边防部队非法越过中印锡金段边界进入了中国领土，这是不容否认的事实。此次事件发生在边界线清楚的已定界地区，与过去双方边防部队在未定界地区发生的摩擦有着本质区别。印度边防部队越过既定边界，侵犯了中国主权和领土完整，违反了1890年条约，违反了《联合国宪章》，是对国际法基本原则和国际关系基本准则的粗暴践踏，性质非常严重。