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3. 他(邓小平)制定了“一个中心、两个基本点”这一党在社会主义初级阶段的基本路线......
... formulates the Party's basic line of “one central task, two basic points at the primary stageof socialism,...
One contral task is economic construction,the two basic points are adherence to the Four Cardinal Principles—to the socialist road,to the leadership of the CPC,to the Maxism-leninism and Mao Zedong Thought, and to the People's democratic dictatorship and adherence to reform and opening-up.
该简则简,该繁则繁,为讲清原文意义,不惜使用详尽的句释, 同时,对“一个中心”也做了适当意译。
4. 建国初期和第一个五年计划期间,我国面临着实现全国財政经济統一,......等的繁重任务,逐步建立起全国集中统一的经济体制。
China gradually established a unified and centralized economic structure on a nationwide scale in the early post-liberation days and during the First Five-Year Plan (1953--57) when the country forced the heavy tasks of unifying its financial and other economic work...
原文中打底线的词在译文中都突出了对外宣传的原则,“我国”不是“our country”而是“中国”,“第一个五年计划”加注了公元年号建国初期”的译法值得注意。一般而言,“解放后”不宜译“after liberatfon”,而应是“after 1949"或“after the founding of the People's Republic of China. ”因为“liberation”是对大陆中国人民的 “解放”,对外不够明确。但这一“建国初期”的译法似乎已约定俗成。
5. 有的地方和部门甚至出现了“上有政策、下有对策”,有令不行、有禁不止的现象。
Some localities and departments even went so far as to disobey orders and defy prohibitions.
原文打底线是中国内部的流行说法,其实质意义与其后的“有令不行、有禁不止”相似,因此,对外宣传在不需强调此意的情况下,只要清楚地表达了原意,这些词可以删去不译,也避免了同一句中意义多次重复的现象。
6. 我国是一个发展中国家,要靠长期艰苦奋斗才能改变落后面貌,但现在铺张浪费相当严重,摆阔气、讲排场之风愈演愈烈。China is a developing country. Only by working hard for a long time can we overcome backwardness. Extravagance, waste and ostentation constitute serious problems.
译文不见“more”,“worse”之类字眼,以避免夸大事实不利对外宣传。实际上,这里“愈演愈烈”在某种程度上是出于汉语行文的需要,与前面“相当严重”对称,若照直译反显重复。