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法律中经常列举一系列同义词,其意图是为了表示穷尽性列举。如:
宾馆、饭店、旅店、招待所、公共浴池、游泳池、理发店、 美容店、歌舞厅等经营单位,应组织直接为顾客服务的人员到市、区(市)县以上卫生行政管理部门指定的性病、艾滋病防治专业机构进行性病、艾滋病项目检查,取得健康证明后,方可准予上岗。
Business units such as hotels, restaurants, public baths swimming pools, hairdresserst beauty salons, and song and dance halls shall organize personnel directly serving customers to undergo tests for venereal diseases and AIDS at specialized institutions designated by health administrative departments at or above city, district or county level. Such personnel are not allowed lo work until they pass the tests and receive a health certificate.
这里的“宾馆、饭店、旅社、招待所”在英语中无法找到足够的同义词与之对应,所以译为两个词。这段英文只是普通报告中引用的部分,英语并无法律约束力,所以可以这样翻译。有人主张把译入语表示相似意思的所有同义词也全部罗列出来(如inn,hotel, boarding house, guesthouse, hostel,roadhouse, motel),同样也表示穷尽。(不过细心的读者可能会提出疑问:中国也有汽车旅馆吗?)但如果是国际文书,两种语言具有同等法律效率,就不能像以上例子那样灵活翻译,而是要找到同义词,或进行解释,甚至使用拼音:hotels and restaurants ( binguan, fandian, lushe, and zhaodaisuo ) 。
把英语法律条文翻译为汉语时,现在的通常做法是每个同义词都译出来,努力找到不同的汉语词(至于汉语同义词之间的区别是否相当于英语同义词之间的区别,则另当别论),如:
The WTO Agreement to which China accedes shall be the WTO Agreement as rectified, amended, or otherwise modified by such legal instruments as may have entered into force before the date of accession. (Protocol on the Accession of the People's Republic of China )