20世纪60年代以来，特别是90年代以来，中国政府在青藏高原部署了类型多样的生态保育工程，包括野生动植物保护及自然保护区建设、重点防护林体系建设、天然林资源保护、退耕还林还草、退牧还草、水土流失治理以及湿地保护与恢复等。西藏自治区实施了生态安全屏障保护与建设工程和“两江四河”（雅鲁藏布江、怒江、拉萨河、年楚河、雅砻河、狮泉河）流域造林绿化工程等。青海省实施了祁连山“山水林田湖草”生态保护修复工程、青海湖流域生态环境保护与综合治理工程、三江源生态保护和建设等重点生态工程。2011年，《青藏高原区域生态建设与环境保护规划（2011－2030年）》颁布实施。一系列生态建设工程的实施在生态保育方面取得了积极效果，生态系统退化的趋势得到控制，生物多样性持续恢复，一些重点生态工程区的生态功能全面好转。
Since the 1960s, and especially over the last three decades, the Chinese government has put in place various ecosystem conservation projects, including wildlife protection and nature reserve development, the construction of key shelter forests, natural forest conservation, returning farmland to forest and grassland, restoring grazing land to grassland, water and soil conservation, and wetland conservation and restoration. The Tibet Autonomous Region has implemented a project for the protection and construction of an eco-safety barrier, and a project for afforestation in the basins of the Yarlung Tsangpo, Nujiang, Lhasa, Nyangchu, Yalong, and Shiquan rivers. Qinghai Province implemented a project for the conservation and restoration of the Qilian Mountain ecosystem, composed of mountains, rivers, forest, farmland, lakes, and grassland, a project for the conservation and comprehensive improvement of the Qinghai Lake ecosystem, and a project for the ecological conservation and construction of Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve. In 2011, the Chinese government issued and implemented the Plan for Regional Ecological Construction and Environmental Protection on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (2011-2030). A number of eco-projects have been implemented, achieving positive results in ecosystem conservation, bringing under control the degradation of the local ecosystem, restoring the biodiversity, and the ecological functions of several regions where key eco-projects were implemented have been comprehensively improved.
生态退化得到有效控制
高寒草地是青藏高原最主要的生态系统类型，发挥着重要的生态安全屏障功能，也是高原畜牧业的基础。由于气候变化和超载过牧等原因，高寒草地不断退化，至20世纪80年代中期，西藏自治区和青海省的草地面积为82万平方公里。此后，随着退牧还草、草原生态保护补助奖励政策以及草原鼠虫害防治等一系列草地生态保护建设工程的陆续实施，青藏高原草地保育成效逐步显现。研究表明，1982－2009年，青藏高原草地覆盖度和净初级生产力总体呈增加态势，草地覆盖度增加的区域约占草地总面积的47%，净初级生产力明显增加的面积达32%以上。近十年来，草地生态系统稳定向好。
Ecological degradation is under control.
Alpine grassland is a major ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, playing an important role as an eco-safety barrier, and serving as the basis of highland animal husbandry. Climate change, overgrazing and some other reasons caused continuous degradation of alpine grasslands. By the mid-1980s, the grassland area in Tibet Autonomous Region and Qinghai Province had been reduced to 820,000 sq km in total. Later, due to the implementation by the government of such policies as issuance of allowances for restoring grazing land to grassland and protecting the grassland ecosystem, and the undertaking of a number of grassland ecological conservation projects, such as pest and rodent prevention and control, progress was made in grassland ecosystem conservation on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. According to research, from 1982 to 2009 the grassland coverage rate of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its net primary productivity (NPP) showed an overall increase, with newly-added grassland coverage accounting for 47 percent of the total, and the area with a dramatic NPP increase reaching more than 32 percent of the total. In the recent decade, the local grassland ecosystem has maintained steady and positive improvement.
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