青藏高原森林主要分布在滇西北、藏东南、川西、甘南和青海东部地区。1950年以来，森林资源在面积、蓄积、类型及空间分布格局等方面均发生了显著变化。2016年第九次全国森林资源清查结果显示，西藏林地面积达1798.19万公顷，森林面积1490.99万公顷，森林覆盖率12.14%，活立木总蓄积23.05亿立方米，与2011年第八次全国森林资源清查结果相比，林地与森林面积分别增加14.75万和19.87万公顷，森林覆盖率提高0.16个百分点，森林蓄积量增加2047万立方米，实现了森林面积和蓄积“双增”。
青藏高原是中国湿地分布最广、面积最大的区域。1990年，青藏高原湿地面积约为13.45万平方公里。1990－2006年，青藏高原湿地呈现出持续退化状态，以每年0.13%的速率减少，总面积减少了约3000平方公里。2006年以来，在湿地保护与自然因素综合作用下，湿地面积明显回升。至2011年，仅西藏自治区和青海省湿地面积已达14.67万平方公里，湿地退化态势总体上得到遏制。至2014年，青海省湿地面积达8.14万平方公里。近年来，随着保护力度的加大，湿地生态系统进一步好转。
The forests on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are mainly distributed in northwest Yunnan, southeast Tibet, west Sichuan, south Gansu, and east Qinghai. Since the 1950s, great changes have taken place in terms of coverage, reserve, type, and spatial distribution of the forests. According to the results of the Ninth National Forest Resource Survey in 2016, in Tibet, the area of forested land was 17.98 million ha, that of forests was 14.91 million ha, the forest coverage rate was 12.14 percent, and the total stock of timber reached 2.3 billion cu m. Compared with the results of the Eighth National Forest Resource Survey conducted in 2011, in Tibet, the area of forested land and that of forests had increased by 147,500 ha and 198,700 ha respectively, the rate of forest coverage went up by 0.16 percentage point, and the stock of timber by 20.47 million cu m, an increase in both forest area and timber stock.
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau boasts the most and largest area of wetlands in China. In 1990, the total area of wetlands on the Plateau was about 134,500 sq km. From 1990 to 2006, local wetlands suffered continuous degradation at an annual rate of 0.13 percent. In this period, the total area of wetlands had been reduced by 3,000 sq km. Since 2006, due to efforts in conservation and natural environmental factors, the area of wetlands have picked up obviously. By 2011, the wetland area in Tibet Autonomous Region and Qinghai Province alone had reached 146,700 sq km, and the trend of wetland degradation had generally been contained. By 2014, the wetland area in Qinghai had reached 81,400 sq km. In recent years, as China has intensified efforts in conservation, further improvement has been witnessed in the local wetland ecosystem.
生物多样性保护成效显著
青藏高原是全球生物多样性最丰富的地区之一，羌塘－三江源、岷山－横断山北段、喜马拉雅东南部和横断山南段等区域是我国生物多样性保护优先区域。高原特有种子植物3760余种，特有脊椎动物280余种，珍稀濒危高等植物300余种，珍稀濒危动物120余种。已建立的自然保护区，有效保护了青藏高原特有与珍稀濒危的动植物及其生存环境。
Significant achievements have been made in biodiversity protection.
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is one of the regions with the richest biodiversity in the world. The Qiangtang-Sanjiangyuan area, the area extending from the Minshan Mountain to the northern range of Hengduan Mountains, the area southeast of the Himalayas, and the southern range of Hengduan Mountains are key biodiversity conservation zones in China. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has about 3,760 distinctive spermatophyte species, 280 distinctive vertebrate species, 300 rare and endangered species of higher plants, and 120 species of rare and endangered animals. The nature reserves established have effectively protected the rare and endangered wildlife unique to the Plateau as well as their habitats.
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