珍稀濒危物种种群的恢复与扩大是生物多样性保护成效的明显标志。研究表明，青藏高原黑颈鹤、藏羚羊、普氏原羚、野牦牛、马鹿、滇金丝猴等的个体数量正在稳步增加。雅鲁藏布江中游河谷黑颈鹤国家级自然保护区建立以来，到此越冬的黑颈鹤逐年增加，约占全球黑颈鹤数量的80%，已成为全球最大的黑颈鹤越冬地。羌塘高原藏羚羊个体数量从2000年的6万多只恢复到2016年的20万只以上，野牦牛个体数量由保护前的6000多头恢复到2016年的10000多头。白马雪山国家级自然保护区滇金丝猴个体数量由保护区建立前的约2000只恢复到2014年的约2500只。此外，在一些地方还发现新的珍稀濒危物种。国际上认为早已灭绝的西藏马鹿，1995年在西藏自治区桑日县被重新发现，且个体数量不断扩大。高黎贡山国家级自然保护区发现极度濒危物种怒江金丝猴。尕海－则岔国家级自然保护区监测到黑头噪鸦等。
The restoration and expansion of rare and endangered species is obvious evidence of success in biodiversity conservation. According to research, the numbers of black-necked crane (Grus nigricollis), Tibetan antelope (Pantholopshodgsonii), Przewalski’s gazelle (Procapraprze walskii), wild yak (Bosmutus), red deer (Cervuselaphus), and Yunnan snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopi thecusbieti), have increased steadily. Since the establishment of the Black-necked Crane National Nature Reserve on the Middle Reaches of the Yarlung Tsangpo River in Tibet Autonomous Region in 1993, the number of overwintering black-necked crane has increased year by year, accounting for 80 percent of the world’s total, and the nature reserve has become the world’s largest wintering ground for black-necked cranes. The number of Tibetan antelope on the Qiangtang Plateau in Tibet Autonomous Region increased from about 60,000 in 2000 to over 200,000 in 2016. And the number of wild yak in this area increased from 6,000 before it was included for protection to 10,000 in 2016. At the Baima Snow Mountain National Nature Reserve in Yunnan Province, the number of Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys increased from about 2,000 in 1988, when the nature reserve was established, to about 2,500 in 2014. Additionally, new populations of rare and endangered species have been found at several localities. The Tibet red deer, which had been considered extinct, was rediscovered in Sangri County, Tibetan Autonomous Region in 1995, and its number is increasing. The Burmese snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopith ecusstrykeri), one of the most endangered species, was found at the Gaoligong Mountain National Nature Reserve in Yunnan Province. The Sichuan Jay (Perisoreus internigrans) was found at the Gahai-Zecha National Nature Reserve in Gansu Province.
改善生物栖息地是生物多样性保护的基础，青藏高原植被改善在整体上提升了野生动物栖息地环境质量。1998－2009年，西藏珠穆朗玛峰国家级自然保护区核心区植被明显好转。2005年以来，三江源自然保护区荒漠化得到遏制，湿地面积增加，植被生态状况改善，野生动物栖息地破碎化趋势减缓且完整性逐步提高，生态环境明显好转。尕海－则岔国家级自然保护区内的尕海湖面积由2003年的480公顷增加到2013年的2354公顷，且近年来基本保持在2000公顷，水域面积增加促进了水禽类的繁衍生息。
重点生态工程初见成效
Improvement of the wildlife habitats is the basis for protecting biodiversity. The improvement of vegetation on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has improved the environmental quality of local wildlife habitats. From 1998 to 2009, marked improvement had been observed in the vegetation of core areas of the Mount Qomolangma National Nature Reserve in Tibet Autonomous Region. Since 2005, at the Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve in Qinghai Province, desertification has been contained, the area of wetlands has been increased, vegetation has improved, wildlife habitat fragmentation has been slowed, and the eco-environment has notably improved. In the Gahai-Zecha National Nature Reserve in Qinghai Province, the area of the Gahai Lake increased from 480 ha in 2003 to 2,354 ha in 2013, and has maintained a coverage in excess of 2,000 ha in recent years; this increase in the water surface area has helped water fowl to survive and multiply.
Key eco-projects have produced preliminary results.
2009年，国家批准《西藏生态安全屏障保护与建设规划（2008－2030年）》，在西藏实施保护、建设和支撑保障三大类10项工程，截至2017年年底已累计投入96亿元。一期工程（2008－2014年）初步建成西藏生态工程的主体框架，部分重点工程已取得明显的生态环境效益，生态系统服务功能逐步提升，生态屏障功能稳定向好。
2005年，国家启动三江源自然保护区生态保护与建设工程，截至2017年年底已累计投入80亿元。2013年完成一期工程，草地退化趋势得到初步遏制，水体与湿地生态系统整体恢复，水源涵养和流域水供给能力提高。与2004年相比，长江、黄河、澜沧江三大江河年均向下游多输出58亿立方米的优质水，为区域经济社会发展提供了有力支撑。
In 2009, the state approved the Plan for the Protection and Construction of the Eco-safety Barrier in Tibet (2008-2030). By the end of 2017, 10 projects concerning ecological conservation, construction, and support had been implemented, with a total investment of RMB9.6 billion. The first-stage project (2008-2014) completed the framework of Tibet’s eco-projects; several key projects have begun to yield notable ecological effects; local ecosystem service functions improved steadily; and the functions of the ecological barrier remained stable and showed continuous improvement.
In 2005, China launched a project for the ecological conservation and construction of Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve; by the end of 2017, the total investment amounted to RMB8 billion. By the end of the first-stage of the project in 2013, grassland degradation had been contained; water and wetland ecosystems had been restored; and water conservation and water supply capacity in river basins had improved. Compared with 2004, the Yangtze River, Yellow River, and Lancang River provided their lower reaches with additional 5.8 billion cu m of quality water annually on the average – a forceful support for regional social and economic development.
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