where作为连接词可引导名词性从句、状语从句和定语从句。
1. 引导名词性从句
where作为连接副词时可引导主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句等,可译为“在什么地方”、“哪里”、“何处”、“何地”等。如:
* It matters much to efficiency where the machine is set up.
机器到底安装在什么地方对效率关系极大。(where引导主语从句)
* This is where the new design has the advantage.
这就是新设计的优越之处。(where引导表语从句)
* The heavy solid lines in Fig.4 indicate where the cut should be located.
图4中的粗实线表示应该从哪里切开。(where引导宾语从句)
* There arose the question where the equipment should be installed.
这样就产生了一个问题:设备到底该安装在哪里。(where引导同位语从句)
2. 引导状语从句
where引导状语从句,除了可译为“(在)……地方”外,还可以译为条件状语从句。如:
* Explosive hardening procedures take up where heat treatments leave off.
不用热处理的地方,可采用爆炸硬化法。