甘肃省甘南州开展生态文明先行示范区建设。通过实行严格的源头保护制度、损害赔偿制度、责任追究制度等,完善环境治理和生态修复机制,强化生态文明建设的引领导向作用。并将生态环保理念纳入全州干部在线学习教育内容,编写发行面向全州中小学生、党政干部、农牧民等不同层次的《甘南州生态文明教育读本》,开通环保网站,播放环保公益广告,推送手机环保短信,举办“生态立州”有奖征文,强化各级干部群众生态环保理念,提高人们对生态保护重要性的认识,营造爱护环境的良好风气。
青海省印发《关于开展“文明青海”建设活动的实施意见》,开展“清洁三江源,保护母亲河”“青海湖生态保护”等大型志愿服务活动,倡导移风易俗和生产生活新风尚。算好“绿色账”,走好“绿色路”,打好“绿色牌”的环保观念和“生态似水、发展如舟”的生态意识逐步深入人心。
Gannan Prefecture in Gansu Province is working to be a model area of ecological conservation by enacting strict measures on water source protection, damage compensation and accountability. Much is being done to improve the environmental management and ecological remediation systems, and strengthen the guiding role of ecological progress. To enhance public awareness of environmental protection, the prefecture has included eco-education in the online study materials for its officials. It has also compiled various eco-education readings to distribute to elementary and secondary school students, Party and government officials, and farmers and herdsmen, opened a website on ecological education, aired eco-themed public-service advertisements, pushed text messages to mobile phones, and held writing contests on conservation.
Qinghai Province has issued the Opinions on Promoting Green Lifestyles in Qinghai, and held major campaigns to clean the Sanjiangyuan area and protect the environment of Qinghai Lake. The government encourages the public to abandon outdated habits and embrace new and green lifestyles, enhance ecological awareness, and correctly understand the interdependent relationship between good ecology and sound development.
绿色生活方式日益形成
随着生态文明建设的不断深入,高原农牧民“人畜混居”、燃薪烧粪等生活方式逐步发生变化,绿色建筑、绿色能源、洁净居住、绿色出行日益成为受欢迎的生活方式。
青藏高原诸省区积极推进新能源多元化利用,以太阳能为主的新能源已广泛应用于取暖、做饭、照明、灌溉、通讯等生产生活的各个方面。被动式太阳房是西藏太阳能利用较早的技术之一,20世纪80年代开始在阿里、那曲、拉萨等地市推广应用。太阳房能基本满足冬季采暖要求,改善了生活环境,提高了生活质量。房屋节能环保程度已成为农牧民建房时的重要决策因素。截至2017年年底,以水能、太阳能、沼气为主的清洁能源已达到西藏自治区电力总装机容量的87%,推广太阳灶40多万台,太阳能热水器45万平方米,被动式太阳房约42万平方米,降低了农牧民对传统燃料的依赖。
Green lifestyle is bedding in.
As ecological awareness spreads on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, fewer farmers and herdsmen keep livestock in their houses or burn firewood and dung for heating. Green housing, green energy, living on clean energy, and green travel have become increasingly popular lifestyle habits.
On the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, new energy is being used for a diversity of purposes. Solar energy and other new energy have been widely applied in heating, cooking, lighting, irrigation, telecommunications, and other areas of daily life and work. In Tibet, passive solar housing is one of the first solar technologies introduced – it first appeared in Ali, Naqu and Lhasa in the 1980s. In addition to providing heating in winter, solar housing offers a better home environment and raises people’s living standards. Energy conservation and environmental protection have become important factors for farmers and herdsmen on the Plateau to consider when they build houses. By the end of 2017 clean energy – mainly water power, solar energy and biogas – contributed 87 percent of the total installed capacity of electricity in Tibet Autonomous Region. There were more than 400,000 solar stoves in use, with solar water heating systems covering 450,000 sq m of floor space and passive solar housing some 420,000 sq m. All of this is reducing the public’s reliance on traditional fuels.