中国农村贫困人口按照2010年贫困标准由1978年的7.7亿人减少至2018年的1660万人，贫困发生率由1978年的97.5%下降至2018年的1.7%。2012年至2018年，中国每年有1000多万人稳定脱贫。中国社会保障不断加强，织就了全世界最大的民生安全网，基本养老保险覆盖超过9亿人，医疗保险覆盖超过13亿人。中国成为世界上减贫人口最多的国家，是第一个完成联合国千年发展目标减贫目标的发展中国家，对全球减贫贡献率超过70%。到2020年，中国现行贫困线以下的人口都将脱贫，稳定实现农村贫困人口“两不愁、三保障”，同时实现贫困地区农民人均可支配收入增长幅度高于全国平均水平、基本公共服务主要领域指标接近全国平均水平。
Between 1978 and 2018 the number of rural poor fell from 770 million to 16.6 million calculated against China's poverty line set in 2010, and the incidence of poverty in rural areas dropped from 97.5 percent to 1.7 percent. More than 10 million people rose and remained above the poverty line every year from 2012 to 2018. China has built the world's largest social security system, with the basic old-age pension covering more than 900 million people and medical insurance covering over 1.3 billion people. With the highest number of people moving out of poverty, China was the first developing country to realize one of the UN Millennium Development Goals for poverty reduction. This achievement represented 70 percent of the global poverty reduction effort.
By 2020, all people in China living below the current poverty line will be taken out of poverty, i.e., the rural pool will be guaranteed food, clothing, compulsory education, basic medical care, and safe housing; in poverty-stricken areas, the growth rate in rural per capita disposable income will surpass the national averaged growth rate, and major indicators of basic public services will approach the national average.
可以说，中国70年来取得了减贫巨大成就，成功走出了一条中国特色扶贫开发道路。正如习近平主席指出，“这个成就，足以载入人类社会发展史册，也足以向世界证明中国共产党领导和中国特色社会主义制度的优越性。”
中国减贫事业有哪些主要做法？为什么能够创造出人间奇迹？
It is fair to say that China has actively explored a poverty reduction path with Chinese characteristics and scored remarkable achievements in poverty reduction during the past seven decades. As Chinese President Xi Jinping once remarked, "This achievement deserves to be recorded in the annals of human social development, and it proves the worth of the CPC's leadership and Chinese socialism."
What are China's major efforts in poverty reduction? Why they work wonders? I would like to share China's practices with Nigerian friends from four aspects.
一是坚持立足基本国情，充分发挥制度优势。发展是中国共产党执政兴国的第一要务，是解决中国所有问题的关键。中国充分发挥政治优势和制度优势，通过“党委领导、政府主导、社会参与”的工作机制，形成跨地区、跨部门、跨行业、全社会共同参与多元主体的社会扶贫体系。
First, proceeding from the prevailing national conditions and exploiting its institutional advantages. Development is the paramount task of the ruling CPC in governing and rejuvenating China, which is essential to addressing the country's existing problems. By exploiting its political and institutional advantages, China has formed a trans-regional, trans-departmental, and trans-industrial poverty reduction process to which all social sectors contribute through the mechanism of "Party leadership, government guidance and social participation."
二是坚持加快发展经济，扎实推进减贫事业。将减贫作为发展经济的一项重要内容，以发展经济促进减贫，发挥扶贫开发与经济社会发展相互促进作用，把扶贫开发作为经济社会发展规划的主要内容，推动减贫和人权保障领域各项工作统筹兼顾、协调发展，实现扶贫减贫规划、国家经济社会发展规划与国家人权行动计划有机联动。
Second, accelerating economic development and promoting poverty reduction. Taking poverty reduction as a major element of economic development, China promotes poverty reduction alongside economic growth, combines development-oriented poverty alleviation and socio-economic development, treats poverty alleviation through development as the main focus of the economic and social development plan.
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