中华民族以“海纳百川，有容乃大”的胸怀，接受一切有益的外来文化，促进了中外文化融合，留下了不少对外文化交流的千古佳话。中国人民具有强烈的集体意识和社会责任感，崇尚“己所不欲，勿施于人”，尊重不同文化、不同观念，注重推己及人、将心比心，不将自己的意志强加于人。对外待之以礼，实行睦近交远。
从5000多年文明史中走来的中国人民，继承了中华文化的优秀传统，又赋予这一文化新的时代内涵。
——和平发展是中国基本国情的要求
Imbued with the belief that one should be as inclusive as the vast ocean which admits hundreds of rivers, the Chinese nation has embraced all that is fine in foreign cultures. This has forged strong cultural ties, leaving behind much-told anecdotes about the cultural interactions between China and the world. The Chinese have a strong collective consciousness and sense of social responsibility. We believe that “you should not do unto others what you would not have them do unto you.” We respect different cultures and views, treat others in the same way as we expect to be treated, and do not impose our will upon others. We treat all foreign countries with courtesy, foster harmonious ties with neighbors and make friends with distant states.
The Chinese people have inherited the fine tradition of Chinese culture of over 5,000 years and added to it new dimensions of the times.
― Peaceful development is determined by China’s basic na-tional conditions.
中国人口多、底子薄，用世界7.9%的耕地和6.5%的淡水资源养活着世界近20%的人口，经济社会发展成就要由13亿多人共享，不断满足众多人口生存和发展需求是巨大难题。2010年，中国人均国内生产总值约为4400美元，居世界100位左右。中国城乡、区域发展很不平衡，经济社会发展结构性矛盾突出，资源环境等发展的瓶颈制约突出，经济增长过于依赖物质资源投入，转变经济发展方式任务艰巨。中国自主创新能力较弱，在国际产业体系和贸易分工中仍处于产业链低端。中国人民生活水平还不高，社会保障体系还很不完善，与发达国家相比还有很大差距。
中国现代化是世界五分之一人口的现代化，这是一个很长的历史过程。这一过程中的困难和问题，无论规模还是难度，在当今世界都是绝无仅有的，在人类历史上也是罕见的。在相当长历史时期内，中国仍将是一个发展中国家，这就决定了中国必须集中力量推进现代化，集中精力解决发展和民生问题；始终需要和平稳定的国际环境，开展对外交流合作。即使中国将来强大起来，和平依然是发展的基本前提，没有理由偏离和平发展道路。基本国情、文化传统和国家根本利益、长远利益是中国和平发展的决定因素和内生动力。
China has a large population yet a weak economic base. It has to feed close to 20% of the world’s population with 7.9% of the world’s farmland and 6.5% of the world’s fresh water. What has been achieved in its social and economic development must meet the need of 1.3 billion people, which presents a great challenge to China. China’s per capita GDP in 2010 was about US$4,400, ranking around the 100th place in the world. Unbalanced development still exists between the urban and rural areas and among different regions; the structural problems in economic and social development remain acute; and economic growth, which excessively depends on resource input, is increasingly constrained by resource shortages and environmental problems. All this has made the shifting of the growth model a daunting task. China’s ca-pacity for independent innovation is weak, and it is at the low end of the value chain in both international division of labor and trade. The standard of living of the Chinese is not high, and China’s social security system is inadequate, lagging far behind those of the developed countries.
China’s modernization involves one fifth of the world’s population and will be a long-term process. The scale and magnitude of the difficulties and problems involved are unprecedented in the present world and rare in human history. China will remain a developing country for a long time to come, which means that China must dedicate itself to advancing its modernization drive, promoting development and improving its people’s livelihood. This calls for maintaining a peaceful and stable international environment and conducting international exchanges and cooperation. China could become strong in the future. Yet peace will remain critical for its development, and China has no reason to deviate from the path of peaceful development. China’s basic conditions, its cultural traditions, its fundamental national interests and its long-term interests ― all these factors have created the innate force driving China’s peaceful development.
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