1990年4月4日，第七届全国人大第三次会议通过《中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法》，同时作出设立香港特别行政区的决定。香港基本法是根据宪法制定的基本法律，规定了在香港特别行政区实行的制度和政策，是“一国两制”方针政策的法律化、制度化，为“一国两制”在香港特别行政区的实践提供了法律保障。邓小平高度评价香港基本法，称它是“具有历史意义和国际意义的法律”，是“具有创造性的杰作”。
香港基本法颁布后，中国政府着手筹备成立香港特别行政区的工作。1993年7月，全国人大常委会设立香港特别行政区筹备委员会预备工作委员会(预委会)；1996年1月，全国人民代表大会香港特别行政区筹备委员会(筹委会)成立。预委会和筹委会为实现香港平稳过渡和政权顺利交接做了大量工作。
On April 4, 1990, the Third Session of the Seventh NPC passed the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, and made the decision to establish the HKSAR. The Basic Law of the HKSAR is a basic law formulated in accordance with the Constitution of the People's Republic of China. It stipulates the system and policies to be instituted in the HKSAR, and is the legalization and institutionalization of the "one country, two systems" policy. It also provides a legal basis for the implementation of "one country, two systems" in the HKSAR. The Basic Law was lauded by Deng Xiaoping as a "law of historic and international significance" and "a creative masterpiece."
Following the promulgation of the Basic Law, the Chinese government began preparation work for the establishment of the HKSAR. In July 1993, the NPC Standing Committee authorized the formation of the Preliminary Working Commission of the Preparatory Committee of the HKSAR (the Preliminary Working Commission). In January 1996, the Preparatory Committee of the HKSAR of the NPC (the Preparatory Committee) was established. Both the commission and the committee did a great deal of work for the smooth transition and transfer of government in Hong Kong.
1997年7月1日，中国政府对香港恢复行使主权，香港特别行政区成立，基本法开始实施。香港进入了“一国两制”、“港人治港”、高度自治的历史新纪元。作为祖国大家庭的一分子，香港同胞与内地民众共享伟大祖国的尊严与荣耀，共担中华民族伟大复兴的责任和使命。
二、特别行政区制度在香港的确立
宪法和香港基本法规定的特别行政区制度是国家对某些区域采取的特殊管理制度。在这一制度下，中央拥有对香港特别行政区的全面管治权，既包括中央直接行使的权力，也包括授权香港特别行政区依法实行高度自治。对于香港特别行政区的高度自治权，中央具有监督权力。
On July 1, 1997, the Chinese government resumed its exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong. At the same time, the HKSAR was established and the Basic Law came into effect. Hong Kong entered a new epoch characterized by "one country, two systems," "Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong" and a high degree of autonomy. As members of the big Chinese family, the people of Hong Kong and the people of the mainland share the pride and glory of the great mother country, and bear the common responsibility and mission of rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
II. Establishment of the Special Administrative Region System in Hong Kong
The system of the special administrative region, as prescribed in the Constitution of the People's Republic of China and the Basic Law of the HKSAR, is a special administrative system developed by the state for certain regions. Under this system, the central government exercises overall jurisdiction over the HKSAR, including the powers directly exercised by the central government, and the powers delegated to the HKSAR by the central government to enable it to exercise a high degree of autonomy in accordance with the law. The central government has the power of oversight over the exercise of a high degree of autonomy in the HKSAR.
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