完善未成年人刑事案件诉讼程序，促进犯罪未成年人回归社会。2012年修改的刑事诉讼法，在特别程序中增加了未成年人刑事案件诉讼程序一章，规定对犯罪的未成年人实行教育、感化、挽救的方针，坚持教育为主、惩罚为辅的原则，由熟悉未成年人身心特点的审判人员、检察人员和侦查人员承办未成年人刑事案件。公安部修订《公安机关办理刑事案件程序规定》，最高人民检察院修订《人民检察院办理未成年人刑事案件的规定》，最高人民法院发布关于适用刑事诉讼法的司法解释，对刑事诉讼法关于涉罪未成年人的特殊保护制度进一步细化。各级公安机关设立专门机构或指定专职人员，按照有关专门要求办理未成年人违法犯罪案件。最高人民检察院2015年成立了独立的未成年人检察工作办公室。截至2016年3月，全国有12个省级检察院、123个市级检察院、893个基层检察院成立了有独立编制的未成年人检察专门机构。人民法院稳步推进少年法庭建设。截至2015年，全国共有少年法庭2253个，有少年法庭法官7200多名。
公安机关、人民检察院和人民法院在办理未成年人刑事案件过程中，严格落实年龄审查、指定辩护、慎用羁押措施等工作要求，依法通知法定代理人、合适成年人到场；对未成年犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的成长经历、犯罪原因、监护教育等情况进行调查并作为办案的参考；审判时被告人不满十八周岁的案件，不公开审理；对犯罪时不满十八周岁，被判处五年有期徒刑以下刑罚的，实行犯罪记录封存；积极开展对违法犯罪及有不良行为未成年人的帮教转化工作。自2002年以来，未成年人重新犯罪率基本控制在2%左右，未成年人犯罪案件数整体呈现下降趋势，未成年罪犯占全部罪犯的比例逐渐下降，2015年下降到3.56%。
Improve procedures for juvenile criminal cases to help underage offenders better reintegrate into the society. The Criminal Procedure Law amended in 2012 added a chapter of procedures for juvenile criminal cases in the special procedures section, specifying the principle of "education, persuasion and rehabilitation" for juvenile offenders, sticking to the principle of applying primarily educational measures, and taking punitive sanctions as ancillary means. Judicial organs assign officials who have a good knowledge of the physical and psychological characteristics of minors to handle juvenile cases. The Ministry of Public Security revised the Provisions on the Procedures for Handling Criminal Cases by Public Security Organs, the Supreme People's Procuratorate amended the Rules for the People's Procuratorate's Handling of Criminal Cases Involving Minors, and the Supreme People's Court released a judicial interpretation applicable to the Criminal Procedure Law, further detailing the special protection measures for juvenile offenders. Public security organs at all levels set up special agencies or designated full-time staff to deal with juvenile delinquency in line with special requirements. In 2015 the Supreme People's Procuratorate set up the Procuratorial Office for Juvenile Delinquency. By March, 2016, 12 procuratorates at provincial level, 123 at city level and 893 at primary level had established special independent procuratorial agencies for juvenile delinquency. People's courts are pressing ahead with the building of juvenile courts. By 2015, there were 2,253 juvenile courts and over 7,200 judges of juvenile court nationwide.
The public security organs, people's procuratorates and people's courts strictly implement requirements such as reviewing age, designating lawyers for defendants, and prudently applying custody measures in handling juvenile criminal cases, and notifying legal representatives and appropriate adults to be present. The judicial organs may take into consideration the family and school background, cause of crime, guardianship and education of a juvenile offender and use these as references when handling a case. Trials of cases in which the offenders are under the age of 18 will not be open to the public. If the offender is under 18 at the time of the crime and sentenced to less than five years of imprisonment, the records of the crime will be sealed. Efforts are made to educate and transform juvenile delinquents and minors involved in misbehavior. Since 2002, the juvenile relapse rate has been brought below 2 percent, and juvenile delinquency cases have decreased gradually to a ratio of 3.56 percent of all crimes in 2015.
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