少数民族脱贫步伐加快。国家制定一系列特殊扶持政策，加快推进少数民族和民族地区脱贫攻坚。《中国农村扶贫开发纲要（2011-2020年）》确定的14个集中连片特困地区中，分布在民族自治地方的有11个；592个国家扶贫开发工作重点县中，分布在民族自治地方的有263个；扶贫开发整村推进“十二五”规划确定的3万个贫困村中，分布在民族自治地方的有13158个。2012－2015年，中央财政安排少数民族发展资金145.9亿元，专项支持推进兴边富民行动、扶持人口较少民族发展以及开展少数民族特色村寨和少数民族传统手工艺品的保护与发展。国家安排中央预算内投资55亿元，用于帮助边境地区和人口较少民族聚居区的基础设施建设、群众生产生活条件改善和社会事业发展。“十二五”期间，内蒙古、广西、西藏、宁夏、新疆5个自治区和少数民族分布集中的贵州、云南、青海3省的贫困人口从2011年的3917万下降到1813万，减少2104万人，减少幅度为53.7%；贫困发生率从27.2%下降到12.4%，下降了14.8个百分点。
四、改善贫困地区发展环境
Poverty eradication for ethnic minority groups has been accelerated. The government has developed a series of special support policies to accelerate poverty eradication for ethnic minority groups and regions inhabited by ethnic minorities. The Outline for Development-oriented Poverty Reduction for China's Rural Areas (2011-2020) maps out 14 contiguous impoverished areas, 11 of which are in ethnic autonomous areas, and 592 key counties for national development-oriented poverty alleviation work, 263 of which are in ethnic autonomous areas. Of the 30,000 poor villages mapped out in the 12th Five-Year Plan for whole-village development-oriented poverty alleviation, 13,158 are in ethnic autonomous areas. From 2012 to 2015, the central government allocated development funds of RMB14.59 billion for ethnic minority groups to advance a special campaign of developing border areas and improving local people's lives, to support development of ethnic minority groups with a small population, and to protect and develop ethnic minority villages with special features and traditional handicrafts. The central government has worked out a budget to inject RMB5.5 billion to support border areas and areas inhabited by ethnic minority groups with a small population in infrastructure construction, in improving local working and living conditions, and in developing social programs. During the 12th Five-Year Plan period, the impoverished population of the five autonomous regions (Inner Mongolia, Guangxi, Tibet, Ningxia, and Xinjiang) and the three provinces with concentrated ethnic minority groups (Guizhou, Yunnan and Qinghai) had dropped from 39.17 million in 2011 to 18.13 million, a decrease of 21.04 million, down 53.7 percent. The poverty incidence declined from 27.2 percent to 12.4 percent, down by 14.8 percentage points.
IV. Improving the Development Environment of Impoverished Areas
加强贫困地区基础设施建设，破除发展瓶颈制约，是实现贫困地区群众生存权、发展权的基础和前提。2012年以来，中国政府继续支持贫困地区基础设施建设，切实加大投入力度，贫困地区的基本生产生活条件得到进一步改善。
贫困地区通信基础设施升级改造加快。中国政府发布《“宽带中国”战略及实施方案》，加大中央财政对贫困地区通信设施建设的支持，鼓励企业承担社会责任，努力消除“数字鸿沟”对贫困地区的瓶颈制约。扎实推进贫困村信息化工作，持续深入开展乡镇互联网接入、行政村通宽带、信息下乡等方面建设，有效提升农村及贫困地区的通信基础设施水平。截至2015年年底，实现100%的行政村通电话、100%的乡镇通宽带，农村地区互联网宽带接入端口超过1.3亿个，有效提高了贫困地区的宽带网络普及率，有效改善了当地的生产生活条件，为贫困地区产业发展提供了有力支撑。中央投资92.23亿元，基本完成对20户以下已通电自然村广播电视覆盖。
Strengthening infrastructure construction in impoverished areas to overcome obstacles to development is the basis and premise for realizing local people's rights to subsistence and development. Since 2012, the Chinese government has supported infrastructure construction in impoverished areas with more funds, further improving basic working and living conditions in those areas.
Upgrading and reconstruction of communications infrastructure in impoverished areas has been accelerated. The government issued its "Broadband China" Strategy and Implementation Plan in 2013. The central government has given more financial support to communications infrastructure construction in impoverished areas, and encouraged enterprises to shoulder social responsibilities, so as to eliminate the "digital divide" in poor areas. It has worked hard to promote IT application in poor villages, grant Internet access to towns and townships and broadband access to administrative villages, spread information in the countryside, and do other work. Thus it has effectively improved communications infrastructure in poor rural areas. By the end of 2015, all administrative villages had telephone access, all towns and townships had broadband access, and the number of Internet access ports exceeded 130 million, effectively enhancing broadband penetration in impoverished areas, improving local working and living conditions, and providing strong support to industrial development in those areas. The central government has injected RMB9.22 billion, basically achieving radio and television coverage in all natural villages with a power supply and fewer than 20 households.
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