第十三条 中小学教师资格由县级以上地方人民政府教育行政部门认定。中等专业学校、技工学校的教师资格由县级以上地方人民政府教育行政部门组织有关主管部门认定。普通高等学校的教师资格由国务院或者省、自治区、直辖市教育行政部门或者由其委托的学校认定。具备本法规定的学历或者经国家教师资格考试合格的公民，要求有关部门认定其教师资格的，有关部门应当依照本法规定的条件予以认定。取得教师资格的人员首次任教时，应当有试用期。 

Article 13 The qualifications for teachers in primary and middle schools shall be evaluated and approved by the administrative departments of education under the local people’s governments at or above the county level. The qualifications for teachers in secondary vocational schools and technical schools shall be evaluated and approved by the relevant competent departments, under the auspices of the administrative departments of education under the local people’s governments at or above the county level. The qualifications for teachers of regular institutions of higher education shall be evaluated and approved by the administrative departments of education under the State Council, or of provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government, or by schools authorized by such departments.

If a citizen who possesses a record of formal schooling as stipulated in this Law, or who has passed the national teachers’ qualification examinations, requests the departments concerned to evaluate and approve his qualifications for a teacher, the departments concerned shall give evaluation and approval in accordance with the requirements provided for in this Law.

Those with qualifications for teachers who are for the first time appointed as teachers shall undergo a probation period.

　　第十四条 受到剥夺政治权利或者故意犯罪受到有期徒刑以上刑事处罚的，不能取得教师资格；已经取得教师资格的，丧失教师资格。 

　　第十五条 各级师范学校毕业生，应当按照国家有关规定从事教育教学工作。国家鼓励非师范高等学校毕业生到中小学或者职业学校任教。 

Article l4 Those who have been deprived of political rights or subjected to fixed-term imprisonment or even more severe punishment for intentional crime shall not be allowed to obtain qualifications for teachers; and those who have already obtained qualifications for teachers shall forfeit such qualifications.

Article 15 Graduates of normal schools at various levels shall be engaged in education and teaching in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State.

The State shall encourage graduates of non-normal schools of higher learning to teach at primary and secondary schools or vocational schools.

　　第十六条 国家实行教师职务制度，具体办法由国务院规定。 

　　第十七条 学校和其他教育机构应当逐步实行教师聘任制。教师的聘任应当遵循双方地位平等的原则，由学校和教师签订聘任合同，明确规定双方的权利、义务和责任。实施教师聘任制的步骤、办法由国务院教育行政部门规定。 

Article l6 The State shall institute a system of professional titles for teachers. The specific measures shall be worked out by the State Council.

Article l7 Schools and other institutions of education shall gradually institute a system of appointment for teachers. Appointment of teachers shall be based on the principle of equality between both parties. The school and the teacher shall sign an appointment contract defining each other’s rights, obligations and responsibilities.

Steps and measures for implementing the appointment system for teachers shall be formulated by the administrative departments of education under the State Council.