1) The mammalian seminiferous epithelium consists of a highly complex yet welt-organized cell population, with germ cells in mitosis and meiosis and postmeiotic cells undergoing transformation to become spermatozoa.

哺乳动物精子发生上皮由高度复杂但组织良好的细胞群构成，包括有丝分裂与跋数分裂时的生殖细胞以及要转化成精子的减数分裂后的生殖细胞。

2) To study the factors which control renewal and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells, animal models are now available which allow for arrest and restart of spermatogonial differentiation.

为了研究控制精原细胞干细胞的更新与分化的因素，现已建成动物模型以阻止与重新启动精原细胞分化。

3) In addition, marked progress has been made in understanding the control of apoptosis and its role in spermatogonia.

此外，在理解控制精原细胞的凋亡及其作用方面已取得明显进步。

4) For the future, spermatogonial stem cell transplantation may have important practical applications.

将来，精原细胞干细胞移植也许有重要的实用价值。

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