传统腧穴定位所规定的人体体位与方位术语与现代解剖学不完全相同。例如:将上肢的掌侧即屈侧称为“内侧”,是手三阴经穴所分布的部位;将上肢的背侧即伸侧称为“外侧”,是手三阳经穴所分布的部位。将下肢向正中线的一侧称为“内侧”,是足三阴经穴分布的部位;将下肢远离正中线的一侧称为“外侧”,下肢的后部称为“后侧”,是足三阳经穴分布的部位。头面躯干部的前后正中线分别为任脉穴和督脉穴的分布部位,是确定分布于其两侧腧穴的基准。

本标准经穴定位的描述采用标准解剖学体位，即:身体直立,两眼平视前方,两足并拢，足尖向前,上肢下垂于躯干两侧,掌心向前。对于某些特殊腧穴的定位,需要采用其他体位，如胸膝位(会阳穴)、侧位屈髋屈膝(环跳穴)等。

The standard position and the terms for the orientation of the human body used in traditional acupuncture point location are not the same as those used in modern anatomy. For example, according to the traditional method, the palmar side of the upper limbs, or the flexional side, is called the medial aspect. This medial aspect is the distribution area of the acupuncture points of the three Yin hand meridians. The dorsal side of the upper limbs, or the extensional side, is called the lateral aspect. This lateral aspect is the distribution area of the acupuncture points of the three Yang hand meridians. The side of the lower limbs closer to the midline is called the medial aspect, which is the distribution area of the acupuncture points of the three Yin foot meridians. The side of the lower limbs away from the midline is called the lateral aspect. The posterior portion of the lower limbs is called the posterior aspect, and this aspect, along with the lateral aspect, is the distribution area of the acupuncture points of the three Yang foot meridians. The anterior and posterior median lines of the head, face and trunk are the respective distribution areas of the Conception Vessel and the Governor Vessel. These median lines are the baselines for locating acupuncture points on either side of each pair of the two meridians.

The modern anatomical position is adopted by this Standard to describe acupuncture point locations: the body stands upright, eyes look forward, feet together with toes pointing forward and upper limbs hanging by the sides with palms facing forward. For the location of certain specific points, other positions are recommended, such as the knee-chest position (BL35), lying on the side with the thigh flexed (GB30), etc.

方位术语(图1、图2)

方位术语采用标准解剖学术语。

* 内侧与外侧:近于正中矢状面者为内侧,远于正中矢状面者为外侧。在描述前臂时，相同的概念用“尺侧”、“桡侧”表示;描述小腿时,用“胫侧”和“腓侧”表示。

* 上与下:靠近身体的上端(头)者为上，靠近身体下端(足)者为下。上下也用于描述位于同一直线上的腧穴之间或解剖标志之间的上下关系。

* 前与后:距身体腹面近者为前,距身体背面近者为后。

* 近侧(端)与远侧(端):距躯干部近者为近侧(端),距躯干部远者为远侧(端)。

Terms of direction(Figures 1 and2)

The terms of direction follow standard anatomical terminology.

* Medial and lateral: closer to the median sagittal plane is medial; further away from the median sagittal plane is lateral. On the forearm, the same concepts are replaced with ulnar and radial, and on the legs, with tibial and fibular.

* Superior and inferior: closer to the upper (head) extremity of the body is superior; closer to the Iower (feet) extremity of the body is inferior. Superior and inferior may also be used to relate the location of acupuncture points to other points or anatomical landmarks. In this case they refer to directly above or below on a straight line.

* Anterior and posterior: closer to the ventral surface of the human body is anterior; closer to the dorsal surface is posterior.

* Proximal and distal: closer to the trunk is proximal; further away from the trunk is distal.

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