1.对地观测卫星。基本建成“风云”、“海洋”、“资源”、“遥感”、“天绘”等卫星系列和“环境与灾害监测预报小卫星星座”。“风云”气象卫星具备全球、三维、多光谱的定量观测能力，“风云二号”静止轨道气象卫星实现双星观测、在轨备份，“风云三号”极轨气象卫星实现上午星和下午星的双星组网观测。“海洋”水色卫星成像幅宽增加一倍，重访周期大幅缩短，2011年8月发射的首颗“海洋”动力环境卫星，具备全天候、全天时的微波观测能力。“资源”卫星的空间分辨率和图像质量得到较大幅度提升。“环境与灾害监测预报小卫星星座”具备中分辨率、宽覆盖、高重访的灾害监测能力。2010年，正式启动实施高分辨率对地观测系统重大科技专项。
2.通信广播卫星。突破大容量地球静止轨道卫星公用平台、天基数据中继与测控等关键技术，卫星技术性能明显提高，话音、数据和广播电视通信水平进一步提升。“中星十号”卫星的成功发射和稳定运行，大幅提高了中国通信广播卫星的功率和容量。“天链一号”数据中继卫星的成功发射，使中国初步具备天基数据传输能力和对航天器的天基测控服务能力。
1) Earth observation satellites
China has developed Fengyun (Wind and Cloud), Haiyang (Ocean), Ziyuan (Resources), Yaogan (Remote-Sensing) and Tianhui (Space Mapping) satellite series, plus a constellation of small satellites for environmental and disaster monitoring and forecasting. Fengyun satellites are now capable of global, three-dimensional and multispectral quantitative observation. The Fengyun-2 geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) meteorological satellite succeeded in double satellite observation and in-orbit backup; while the Fengyun-3 polar orbit meteorological satellite succeeded in networking observation of morning and afternoon satellites. Ocean water color satellites have obtained their images of doubled width and their revisiting period reduced. The first Haiyang dynamics environmental satellite launched in August, 2011 is capable of all-weather and full-time microwave observation. The Ziyuan satellite series have seen their spatial resolution and image quality greatly enhanced. The small satellites for environmental and disaster monitoring and forecasting are now capable of disaster monitoring with medium-resolution, wide-coverage and high-revisit rate disaster monitoring. In 2010, China formally initiated the development of an important special project - a high-resolution Earth observation system.
2) Communications and broadcasting satellites
China has won successes in its high-capacity GEO satellite common platform, space-based data relays, tracking, telemetry and command (TT&C), and other key technologies, showing remarkable improvement in the technical performance of China's satellites and in voice, data, radio and television communications. The successful launch and stable operation of the Zhongxing-10 satellite demonstrated a significant increase in the power and capacity of China's communications and broadcasting satellites. Similarly, the successful launch of the Tianlian (Space Chain)-1 data relay satellite demonstrated China's preliminary capability of both space-based data relays and space-based TT&C.
3.导航定位卫星。2007年2月，成功发射第四颗“北斗”导航试验卫星，进一步提升了“北斗”卫星导航试验系统性能。全面实施“北斗”卫星导航区域系统建设。该系统由5颗地球静止轨道卫星、5颗倾斜地球同步轨道卫星和4颗中圆地球轨道卫星组成，2007年4月以来已成功发射10颗卫星，具备了向服务区（亚太地区）用户提供试运行服务的条件。
4.科学卫星与技术试验卫星。研制发射多颗“实践”系列卫星和微小卫星，为空间环境探测、空间科学实验和新技术验证提供了支撑平台。
3) Navigation and positioning satellites
In February 2007, China successfully launched the fourth Beidou (Bid Dipper) navigation experiment satellite, further enhancing the performance of the Beidou navigation experiment system. China has comprehensively launched the building of a Beidou regional navigation system, consisting of five GEO satellites, five inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO) satellites and four medium-Earth-orbit (MEO) satellites. Since April 2007, China has launched 10 such satellites and has been able to provide trial services for Asia-Pacific users.
4) Scientific satellites and technological test satellites
China has developed and launched several Shijian (Practice) satellites and small and micro satellites, providing supporting platforms for space environment exploration, space scientific test and new technology demonstration.
上一篇：《2011年中国的航天》（中英对照）II
下一篇：科技新闻文体的词汇及句法特点
微信公众号搜索“译员”关注我们，每天为您推送翻译理论和技巧，外语学习及翻译招聘信息。