【说明】although引导的让步状语从句,汉译时一般放在主句之前。
【译文】经过严格的临床对照试验,高血压的药物治疗对于心肌梗死的效果如何虽然还未能确定、但它却使得该病的发病率及死亡率都下降了。
例六: The diagnosis of rheumatic fever in the past may be suggested, as a result of careful questioning even in the absence of“typical”chorea or acute migratory joint pains as indicated in the section on Rheumatic Fever.
【说明】这是一个简单句,它把结果讲在前面。然后,再说明什么条件造成此结果。这显然与汉语的表达习惯相反,因此最好采用逆序译法;但as a result of careful questioning 及even in the absence of "typical" chorea or acute migratory joint pains as indicated in the section on Rheumatic Fever 两个短语需要转换为短句。
【译文】即使没有“风湿热”一节中所指出的“典型”舞蹈病或急性游走性关节痛症状,但经仔细询问病史,仍有可能对过去的风湿热作出诊断。
3. 分译法
在英语长句中,有时主句与从句或主句与各种修饰语之间的关系并不十分密切,各分句、从句、短语等具有相对的独立性,翻译时可以按照汉语少用长句的习惯,将原句化整为零,译成几个并列的短句。为使译文连贯,还可以适当增加连接词。
例七: To determine the incidence of pleuropericardial thickening about the heart in our general hospital population, 60 patients, 15 in each decade from ages 48. with clinically normal hearts as far as could be determined by history, physical examination, ECG evaluation,and chest roentgenograms, were cineflorographed.
【说明】此句的难点在于修饰主语60 patients的定语15 in each decade from ages 48,with clinically normal hearts as far as could be determined by history, physical examinaiion. ECG evaluation, and chest roentgenograms。此部分不但特长而且结构复杂,不便译为定语,可转译为句子来表达一个叙述层次。
【译文】为了测定我们医院一般住院病人中心脏周围胸膜、心包膜增厚的发病率,对60名患者进行了 X线荧光照相检查。这阳名患者,从48岁开始,每10岁为一组,每组15名,都是根据病史、体检、心电图及X线胸片等确定为临床上心脏正常者。