(二)“盗窃知识产权”实为欲加之罪。美方宣称,中国每年窃取价值数千亿美元的美国知识产权,从而给美国的创新能力造成致命打击。这些所谓“真相”让人错愕,也是对一个研发经费年支出近2万亿元的国家的诋毁。当中国的互联网经济蓬勃发展、高速铁路纵横驰骋、第五代移动通信技术(5G)开始推广应用,一些人对此产生“酸葡萄”心理可想而知。
2. Where there is a will to condemn, evidence will follow. Take the so-called theft of intellectual property as an example. US alleges that China steals intellectual properties worth hundreds of billions US Dollars, which cause a fatal blow to the American innovation capability. This so-called "fact" is shocking as it slanders a country with nearly 2 trillion RMB (About US$ 307.7 billion) of research and development expenditure every year. But it is not hard to imagine that some people turns to be sour grapes when China's internet economy, high-speed railway and 5G technology are developing rapidly.
和众多发展中国家一样,中国是现代科技的后来者,学习发达国家是科技是发展的必然途径。从2001年加入WTO起,中国对外支付知识产权费年均增长17%,2017年达到286亿美元,其中对美国支付的费用就达到71.3亿美元,约占总额的四分之一。目前,中国科研论文发表量已居世界第二位,技术专利申请量已居全球首位,保护知识产权就是在保护中国自己的利益。中国的成功从来不是、今后也不会靠“偷”得来。
Like many other developing countries, China is the late-comer of modern technology and needs to learn from the developed countries. Since entering the World Trade Organization in 2001, intellectual property royalties paid by China to foreign right holders has registered an annual growth of 17 percent, reaching $28.6 billion in 2017. More than $7 billion (25 percent) went to the US. Now, China is the No.2 producer of scientific papers and No.1 patent filer in the world. Protecting the intellectual property is in line with China's own interests. Chinese economic success has never been achieved by stealing from anyone, and never will be.
(三)“强制技术转让”纯属子虚乌有。
实际上,中国政府从来没有对外资企业提出过此类要求。中外企业的技术合作和其他经贸合作完全是基于自愿原则实施的契约行为。中国的科技创新成就,正如美国前财政部长拉里·萨默斯所说:来自那些从政府对基础科学巨额投资中受益的优秀企业家,来自推崇卓越、注重科学和技术的教育制度。中国与美国等发达国家合作过程中发生的技术转移,源自发达国家企业出于利益最大化考虑的主动技术转让及产业转移。美国对属于市场行为的技术转让横加指责,其实是私心私利作祟,完全背弃了契约精神。
3. "China forces technology transfer" is groundless.
Let's be clear: the Chinese government has never made any such request to foreign companies. When it comes to technology or any other cooperation between Chinese and foreign companies, it is purely a matter of voluntary contracts. Larry Summers, a former US Treasury secretary under Bill Clinton and an economic advisor to Barack Obama, said that China's technological progress is coming from "terrific entrepreneurs who are getting the benefit of huge government investments in basic science," and "an educational system that's privileging excellence, concentrating on science and technology". Without any doubt, technology transfer abounds between Chinese and foreign entities, but that is rooted in the transferring parties' pursuit of maximum profits. Thus, such condemnation of normal commercial practices is a mockery of the spirit of contract, motivated by selfishness.
(四)“中国违背承诺”更是无稽之谈。
中美经贸磋商一年多来,中方一直抱着最大的诚意推动磋商,即使在美方威胁加征关税的情况下,中方工作团队仍从大局出发,赴美举行第十一轮中美经贸高级别磋商,最大程度展现了中方推动谈判的诚意。反观美国,近两年来在“以结果为导向”的“美国优先”政策下,接连退出巴黎协定、联合国教科文组织、伊朗核问题全面协议、联合国人权理事会中,逃避承担其应有的责任和义务。从去年5月美方撕毁中美在华盛顿达成的共识,一意孤行地加征关税,到随后肆意升级关税、极限施压,再到此番谈判仍在进行中又高举关税大棒,美国才是违背承诺的一方。
4. "China broke the deal" is a tale of a tub.
Over the past year of China-US economic and trade consultations, China has been holding the greatest sincerity to promote the negotiations. Even in the case that the US threatened to impose tariffs, the Chinese delegation still proceeded from the overall situation and went to the United States to hold the 11th round of high-level trade and economic consultation, which has showed the sincerity to the greatest extent. In contrast, under the "results-oriented" "US priority" policy, the United States has successively withdrawn from the Paris Agreement, UNESCO, the Iranian Nuclear Comprehensive Agreement, and the UN Human Rights Council in the past two years, evading its due responsibilities and obligations. Since May last year when the United States tore up the consensus reached between China and US in Washington, it has arbitrarily imposed tariffs, upgraded tariffs (Imposing a 25% tariffs on US$ 200 billion of Chinese export to US) and imposed extreme pressure afterwards, and further threatened with tariffs (Threatening a 25% tariff on the remaining US$ 325 billion of Chinese export to US) right in the process of the negotiation. It is the United States that is defaulting on the promise.