七、积极参与全球人权治理
改革开放40年来，中国坚持平等互信、包容互鉴、合作共赢精神，积极参与联合国人权事务，认真履行国际人权义务，广泛开展国际人权合作，不断推进全球人权治理朝着公正合理的方向发展。
VII. Active Participation in Global Governance of Human Rights
Over the 40 years of reform and opening up, upholding the principles of equality and mutual trust, inclusiveness and mutual learning, and cooperation and win-win benefits, China has been active in UN human rights undertakings, fulfilling its international human rights obligations, conducting extensive international cooperation on human rights, and advancing the global governance of human rights in a fair and rational direction.
认真履行国际人权条约义务。截至目前，中国共参加26项国际人权文书，其中包括《经济、社会及文化权利国际公约》《消除一切形式种族歧视国际公约》等6项主要人权文书。中国认真履行条约义务，包括在国内立法、修法、制定政策等方面注重与条约规定相衔接，按照条约规定撰写并提交履约报告，全面反映国家履行人权条约的进展、困难和问题。中国认真参加条约机构对中国执行条约情况的审议，截至2018年8月，中国已向各条约机构提交履约报告26次，总计39期，接受审议26次。在审议过程中，中国与相关人权条约机构开展建设性对话，结合中国国情，积极采纳条约机构建议。中国支持对人权条约机构进行必要改革，促进条约机构与缔约国在相互尊重的基础上开展对话与合作。中国积极推荐专家参选条约机构委员，多名中国专家出任联合国经济、社会和文化权利委员会，禁止酷刑委员会，消除种族歧视委员会，消除对妇女歧视委员会，残疾人权利委员会委员。
Fulfilling obligations in international instruments on human rights. To date, China has signed 26 international human rights instruments, including six major ones such as the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination.
China fulfills all the obligations prescribed in relevant international conventions, ensuring that its legislation and any amendments as well as its policy formulation are consistent with these conventions, and completing and submitting periodic reports to give feedback on the progress made and any difficulties and problems encountered in implementing international conventions on human rights.
China accepts reviews from the treaty body on its implementation of these conventions. By August 2018, China had submitted 39 implementation reports on 26 occasions to these treaty bodies and received 26 reviews. During the reviews, China conducted constructive dialogue with the relevant treaty bodies and adopted their suggestions in accordance with the actual conditions in China.
China supports the necessary reform of the human rights treaty bodies, promoting dialogue and cooperation between the treaty bodies and signatory states on the basis of mutual respect.
China recommends Chinese experts as candidate members of the treaty bodies, many of whom have been chosen to serve on bodies such as the United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the United Nations Committee against Torture, the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, and the United Nations Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.
主动参与创设国际人权规则与机制。改革开放以来，中国参加了《禁止酷刑和其他残忍、不人道或有辱人格的待遇或处罚公约》《儿童权利公约》《残疾人权利公约》《保护所有移徙工人及其家属权利国际公约》，以及《经济、社会及文化权利国际公约》任择议定书等重要人权文件制定工作组会议，为这些规则的起草、修改和完善作出了重要贡献。中国作为主要推动者之一，参与了《发展权利宣言》的起草工作，积极推动联合国人权委员会和人权理事会就实现发展权问题进行全球磋商，致力于推动构建发展权实施机制。1993年，中国推动亚洲国家通过《曼谷宣言》。中国作为第二届世界人权大会的副主席国，参加了《维也纳宣言和行动纲领》的起草工作。1995年，在北京主办第四次世界妇女大会。
Participating in establishing international rules and mechanisms for protecting human rights. Since the launch of reform and opening up in 1978, China has attended the meetings of the drafting groups of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and other important documents on human rights protection, making a significant contribution to drafting, revising and improving these rules.
As one of the major promoters, China participated in drafting the Declaration on the Right to Development, assisting the United Nations Commission on Human Rights (UNCHR) and the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) to organize global discussions on fulfilling the right to development, and is committed to building mechanisms for actualizing the right to development.
In 1993, China pushed for the adoption of the Bangkok Declaration among Asian countries. The same year, as the vice presidency of the Second World Conference on Human Rights, China participated in drafting the Vienna Declaration and Program of Action. In 1995 in Beijing, China hosted the Fourth World Conference on Women.
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