（二）形成严格公正的人权保障执法体系
中国不断强化依法行政，通过建设职能科学、权责法定、执法严明、公开公正、廉洁高效、守法诚信的法治政府，将人民权益得到切实有效保障作为法治政府的衡量标准和最终目标，在严格执法、执法为民中尊重和保障人权。
依法确定行政权力界限。确立法无授权不可为的行政执法原则，实施权力清单、责任清单制度，禁止法外设权、违法用权。行政诉讼法为监督行政机关依法行使权力和维护公民合法权利提供明确法律依据，自颁布实施以来，平均每年受理行政案件10万余件。持续深化“放管服”改革，加快转变政府职能，削减国务院部门行政审批事项，彻底终结非行政许可审批，大幅减少中央政府层面核准的企业投资项目、行政审批中介服务事项、职业资格许可和认定等。
2. Establishing a Strict and Impartial Law Enforcement System for Human Rights Protection
China has constantly strengthened law-based administration. By building a law-based government that has well-conceived functions and statutorily-defined powers and responsibilities, strictly enforces the law, and is open and impartial, clean and efficient, and credible and law-abiding, it has made the effective protection of people’s rights and interests a criterion and an ultimate goal of government. It respects and protects human rights in strictly enforcing the law on behalf of the people.
Delimiting administrative power in accordance with the law. China has established a principle for administrative law enforcement that administrative bodies should not do things not mandated by law, introduced a list of well-defined government powers and a list of responsibilities, and prohibited any power not provided for by law, or any illegal use of power. The Administrative Litigation Law provides a clear legal basis for supervising administrative bodies’ exercise of powers in accordance with the law and safeguarding the legitimate rights of citizens. Since the law was enacted and came into force, on average more than 100,000 administrative cases have been accepted each year. In its effort to improve governance, China has accelerated the transformation of government functions, streamlining administration and delegating power to the lower levels, exercising better supervision over the market, and providing efficient services to business. It has cut down the number of items subject to administrative examination and approval by the State Council departments, completely ruled out examination and approval for non-administrative licenses, and substantially reduced enterprise investment projects subject to approval by central authorities, intermediary services subject to administrative examination and approval, and licensing and recognition of professional qualifications.
不断完善行政执法程序。建立健全行政裁量权基准制度，细化行政裁量标准，规范裁量范围、种类、幅度。健全行政执法调查取证、告知、罚没收入管理等制度，明确听证的适用条件，严格执行重大行政执法决定法制审核制度，全方位实施政府法律顾问制度。推行行政执法公示制度和执法全过程记录制度，实现全过程留痕和可回溯管理。加强行政执法信息化建设和信息共享，推动建立统一的行政执法信息平台，完善网上执法办案及信息查询系统。
Improving procedures for administrative law enforcement. China has established a sound system of benchmarks for administrative discretion, specifying the standards for administrative discretion as well as defining its scope, categories, and scale. It has improved the systems for conducting investigations, collecting evidence, notifying people subject to the administrative law enforcement of their right, managing confiscated income, and other areas of administrative law enforcement, clarified the conditions applicable to hearings, strictly implemented the system for reviewing the legality of major administrative law enforcement decisions, and carried out the system of creating legal counsel teams in government departments at all levels. It has implemented a system of disclosing information on administrative law enforcement and a system for recording the entire enforcement process so that every case of such enforcement is traceable. It has strengthened IT application and information-sharing in administrative law enforcement, worked to establish a unified information platform for administrative law enforcement, and improved the online case handling and information inquiry system.
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