二是两种合作观之争。美国奉行的是单边主义、保护主义，秉持的是“零和博弈”、“以邻为壑”的旧思维，引发国际社会广泛质疑和反对。中国则遵循“合则强、孤则弱”的古训，主张开放、融通、互利、共赢的合作观，努力为维护世界贸易组织规则，支持多边贸易体制，构建开放型世界经济做出积极贡献。目前，越来越多的国家已宣布或实施对美贸易反制措施，坚决回击单边主义和保护主义，目的就是要让“贸易战”的始作俑者尝到苦果、知难而退。
The second is the conflict of views on cooperation. The US has laid bare its belief in unilateralism, protectionism, "zero-sum games" and "beggar-thy-neighbor" approach, which have been widely questioned and opposed by the international community. China, by contrast, follows its time-honored philosophy of "strength through unity and weakness in isolation", champions open, inter-connected, mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation, and strives to uphold WTO rules, support the multilateral trade regime and build an open world economy.
Now more and more countries have announced or implemented counter-measures against the US as firm and strong counters to unilateralism and protectionism. The purpose is to let the troublemaker taste the bitter fruit and beat a retreat.
三是两种发展观之争。多年来，美国一直是世界经济、军事和科技领域的领军者。美国在发展，别国也在发展。在全球化时代，世界各国命运相连、休戚与共。在此形势下，美国要维护自身发展优势，关键靠自身实力，靠与其他国家合作，而不是妄图阻碍其他国家的发展、剥夺其他国家人民追求美好生活的权利，否则不仅“失道寡助”，也终将损及自身。此次美国对中国产品加征关税，理由是“中国制造2025”威胁美经济产业安全。这完全是无稽之谈，也反映了美国“你输我赢”的狭隘发展观。中国一贯倡导创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展观，以此破解发展难题，增强发展动力，实现各国经济社会协同进步。中国实行“中国制造2025”正是落实上述五大发展理念的具体举措，目的是通过推动技术进步实现经济可持续发展。这一计划公开透明，没有任何“暗箱操作”，没有歧视或者排斥任何外国企业，完全是一个发展中国家提升自身发展水平的正当权利和正义事业。希望美国能认清大势，摒弃旧思维，与世界各国共同走出一条以合作促发展、以共赢促繁荣的新路。
The third is the conflict of views on development. For years, the US has been a world leader in economy, military affairs, science and technology, and has been growing stronger. But other countries have not stayed put. To maintain its competitive edge in a globalised world where the future and interests of all countries are intertwined, the US should build on its own strengths and cooperate with other countries. Slowing others down or depriving others of the right to a better life is an unjust cause that will gain little support and may in the end backfire.
The excuse given for US tariff hikes on Chinese products is that the strategy known as "Made in China 2025" threatens American economic and industrial security. This allegation is groundless and serves to only show the narrow-minded view of the US that development is a game of "I win, you lose". China, however, has called for innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development, believing that this will tackle the bottlenecks in development, empower the growth engine and realise the coordinated economic and social progress of all countries.
"Made in China 2025" outlines specific measures in accordance with this development philosophy, with a purpose of achieving sustainable development through technological progress. This strategy is open and transparent. There is no "black box", discrimination against or exclusion of any foreign company. It represents the legitimate right and just cause of a developing country to reach a higher level of development.
The US should recognise the overarching trend, say goodbye to its old mindset and work with other countries to blaze a new trail of win-win cooperation so as to achieve development and prosperity.
上一篇：2018年7月6日外交部发言人陆慷主持例行记者会（中英对照）
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