派遣志愿者。中国向60多个国家派遣青年志愿者和汉语教师志愿者近7000名。
提供紧急人道主义援助。中国向30余个国家提供紧急人道主义援助,包括物资和现汇援助,价值约15亿元人民币。
减免受援国债务。中国免除坦桑尼亚、赞比亚、喀麦隆、赤道几内亚、马里、多哥、贝宁、科特迪瓦、苏丹等9个最不发达国家和重债穷国共计16笔到期无息贷款债务,累计金额达14.2亿元人民币。
二、推动民生改善
China sent about 7,000 young volunteers and volunteer Chinese language teachers to over 60 countries.
Emergency humanitarian aid. China extended 1.5 billion yuan worth of materials
and cash assistance in emergency humanitarian aid to more than 30 countries.
Debt relief. China relieved nine LDCs and heavily indebted poor countries,
namely, Tanzania, Zambia, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Mali, Togo, Benin, Cote
d'Ivoire and Sudan, from 16 mature interest-free loans totaling 1.42 billion yuan.
II. Helping Improve People's Livelihood
支持其他发展中国家减少贫困和改善民生,是中国对外援助的主要内容。中国重点支持其他发展中国家促进农业发展,提高教育水平,改善医疗服务,建设社会公益设施,并在其他国家遭遇重大灾害时及时提供人道主义援助。
(一)促进农业发展
农业发展对发展中国家减少贫困至关重要。中国通过援建农业技术示范中心、派遣农业专家提供咨询和开展技术合作、培训农业技术和管理人员等方式,积极帮助其他发展中国家提高农业生产能力,有效应对粮食危机。2010年至2012年,中国对外援建49个农业项目,派遣1000多名农业技术专家,并提供大量农业机械、良种、化肥等农用物资。
One of the important objectives of China's foreign assistance is to support other developing countries to reduce poverty and improve the livelihood of their peoples. China prioritizes supporting other developing countries to develop
agriculture, enhance education level, improve medical and health services and
build public welfare facilities, and provide emergency humanitarian aid when
they suffer severe disasters.
1. Promoting Agricultural Development
Agricultural development is crucial to poverty reduction in developing countries. Through establishing agricultural technology demonstration centers, dispatching agricultural experts to provide consultations and conduct technical cooperation, and training technical and managerial personnel on agriculture in other developing countries, China has taken proactive efforts to help other developing countries raise their agricultural productivity to effectively cope with food crises.From 2010 to 2012, China assisted 49 agricultural projects, dispatched over 1,000 agricultural experts to recipient countries, and provided them with a great quantity of machinery, improved varieties of grain, fertilizers and other
agricultural materials.
援建农业技术示范中心。农业技术示范中心是中国在农业领域开展对外援助的重要平台。2010年至2012年,中国在贝宁、莫桑比克、苏丹、利比里亚、卢旺达、老挝、东帝汶等17国援建的农业技术示范中心陆续竣工。中国通过试验、示范、培训等多种方式,将先进适用的农业生产技术推广给当地民众。利比里亚农业技术示范中心推广杂交水稻和玉米种植面积近千公顷,培训当地农业科研人员和农民千余人次。卢旺达农业技术示范中心开展菌草、稻谷等种类的适应性研究、试验和示范工作,注意结合当地传统农业,并将技术培训推广至卢旺达妇女协会、稻谷种植协会等机构。
派遣高级农业专家和农业技术组。中国向其他发展中国家派遣的农业专家,积极参与受援国农业规划工作,援贝宁专家组协助起草该国《农业法》和《农业管理法》,援博茨瓦纳、几内亚比绍专家组分别参与编写两国的《农业发展规划》。协助受援国完成促进农业发展工作,援莱索托专家组协助该国向世界卫生组织申请无口蹄疫国家地位,援毛里塔尼亚专家组协助制定农业综合分析测试中心实验室建设方案。积极推广简单适用的农业技术,援博茨瓦纳专家组推广地膜覆盖种植技术,援马里专家组设计推广稻田铁制水耙,帮助当地农民进行精耕细作。
Assisting the establishment of agricultural technology demonstration centers.
Such centers provide an important platform for China's foreign assistance in
agriculture. From 2010 to 2012, China-assisted agricultural demonstration centers were completed in 17 countries, including Benin, Mozambique, Sudan, Liberia,Rwanda, Laos, and East Timor. China passed on advanced and applicable
production technologies to local farmers through experiment, demonstration and
training. The demonstration center in Liberia promoted hybrid rice and corn
planting in areas of nearly 1,000 hectares, and trained over 1,000 local agricultural researchers and farmers. The demonstration center in Rwanda researched, experimented on and demonstrated the adaptability of paddy rice and fungi in the context of the local traditional agriculture, and provided technical training to women's associations, paddy rice growers' associations and other organizations in Rwanda.
Dispatching senior agricultural experts and expert teams. Chinese agricultural
experts took an active part in the agricultural planning of the recipient countries. The expert team dispatched to Benin provided expertise to the drafting of the country's Agricultural Law and Agricultural Administration Law. The expert teams sent to Botswana and Guinea-Bissau participated in the formulation of the two countries' agricultural development plans. Chinese experts assisted recipient countries in promoting their agricultural development. The expert team helped Lesotho with its application to the World Health Organization for FMD (foot-and-mouth disease) free membership. The expert team to Mauritania assisted the country in drawing up the plan for building its central laboratory for agricultural comprehensive analysis and testing. Chinese experts actively disseminated easy-to-learn agricultural techniques suited to the conditions of recipient countries.The expert team to Botswana promoted the use of plastic mulch in crop production. The expert team to Mali devised and promoted the use of iron harrows as a means of intensive cultivation in the paddy fields.