兵团有汉、维、哈、回、蒙古、锡伯、俄罗斯、塔吉克、满等37个民族，少数民族人口达37.54万人，占总人口的13.9%，有37个少数民族聚居团场。兵团把加快少数民族聚居团场发展作为改善民生的重中之重，加大政策支持和扶贫开发力度。近年来，兵团共实施少数民族聚居团场建设项目114个，总投资10.8亿元人民币，项目涉及城镇基础设施建设、安居工程、设施农业、畜牧养殖业等多个领域。2012年，兵团37个少数民族聚居团场实现生产总值111.03亿元，比上年增长42.8%，比兵团平均水平高出24.4个百分点。
兵团全面贯彻国家的民族宗教政策，促进宗教和谐，尊重和保护少数民族风俗习惯，倡导民族和谐发展、文化共同繁荣、民俗相互尊重。多民族聚居的状况，使兵团具备了传播先进文化、弘扬中华文化，不断吸纳融合新疆民族文化，在边疆地区促进一体多元中华民族文化发展的基础。在兵团，文化的相互交流进一步增进了各民族成员之间的了解和认同，推进了新疆中华民族先进文化的建设，增强了边疆地区中华民族的凝聚力。
The XPCC is a mosaic of people from 37 ethnic groups, including the Han, Uyghur, Kazak, Hui, Mongolian, Xibe, Russian, Tajik, and Manchu. The population of ethnic minorities has reached 375,400, taking up 13.9% of the Corps' total. There are 37 regimental farms inhabited predominantly by ethnic minority groups. With accelerating the development of these regimental farms as its top priority, the XPCC has enhanced policy support and poverty relief. In recent years the XPCC has launched 114 construction projects on these farms, with a total investment of RMB 1.08 billion, covering such fields as urban infrastructure, low-income housing projects, facility agriculture, and animal husbandry. In 2012 the total output value of these 37 regimental farms reached RMB 11.103 billion, up 42.8% over the previous year, and 24.4 percentage points higher than the average level in the XPCC.
The XPCC fully implements China's ethnic and religious policies, promotes religious harmony, respects and protects the customs of ethnic minority groups. It advocates harmonious development, common cultural prosperity, and respect for one another's folkways among all ethnic groups. Being a part of this essential mosaic of people from different ethnic groups enables the XPCC to disseminate advanced culture, develop Chinese culture, constantly absorb Xinjiang ethnic culture and so promote the integration of diverse components of the Chinese culture in the border areas. Cultural exchanges within the XPCC have increased mutual understanding among people of different ethnic groups, facilitated the development of an advanced Chinese culture in Xinjiang, and enhanced cohesion of the Chinese nation in China's border areas.
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