兵团实行党政军企高度统一的特殊管理体制。兵团各级都建有中国共产党的组织，发挥着对兵团各项事业的领导作用。兵团设有行政机关和政法机关，自行管理内部行政、司法事务。兵团是一个“准军事实体”，设有军事机关和武装机构，沿用兵团、师、团、连等军队建制和司令员、师长、团长、连长等军队职务称谓，涵养着一支以民兵为主的武装力量。兵团也称为“中国新建集团公司”，是集农业、工业、交通、建筑、商业，承担经济建设任务的国有大型企业。兵团的党、政、军、企四套领导机构与四项职能合为一体。
兵团全面融入新疆社会，所属师、团场及企事业单位分布于新疆维吾尔自治区各地(州)、市、县(市)行政区内，主要由兵团自上而下地实行统一领导和垂直管理。在战略地位重要、团场集中连片、经济基础好、发展潜力大的垦区，设有7个“师市合一”的新疆维吾尔自治区直辖县级市和5个“团(场)镇合一”的建制镇，由兵团实行统一分级管理。“师和市”、“团(场)和镇”党政机构设置均实行“一个机构、两块牌子”。
The XPCC operates a special administrative system with unified Party, government, military, and enterprise roles. Party organizations have been set up at each level of the Corps to exercise leadership over all its undertakings. The XPCC has administrative and judicial organs to handle its specific administrative and judicial affairs. The Corps is a paramilitary entity with military organs and armed forces units wherein the militias are the mainstay. It is organized in a military structure of corps, divisions, regiments, and companies, whose commanders have corresponding military titles. The XPCC, also known as the China Xinjian Group, is a large state-owned enterprise engaged in agriculture, industry, transport, building, and commerce, and at the same time assumes state assigned economic tasks. The XPCC's leadership combines the functions of the Party, government, military, and enterprise.
The XPCC has fully integrated into Xinjiang society. Its division and regimental farms, subordinate enterprises and public institutions, administered by the Corps in a top-down model of leadership and vertical management, are widely distributed in the prefectures, cities, and counties of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. In reclamation areas, which feature important strategic positions, concentrated distribution of regimental farms, considerable economic strength, and great development potential, the XPCC has set up seven county-level divisions/cities directly administered by Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and five regiments/towns, which are administered by the Corps at different levels. Each division/city or regiment/town has Party leadership and government administration functions integrated into one unit.
三、开发与建设
兵团的经济建设是新疆维吾尔自治区经济建设的重要组成部分。长期以来，特别是改革开放后，兵团充分发挥自身优势，积极适应市场经济要求，调整经济结构和转变发展方式，大力推进城镇化、新型工业化和农业现代化建设，着力保护生态环境，改善民生，促进就业，提高公共服务和社会保障水平，各项事业取得显著成就。
不断提升综合经济实力。2013年兵团生产总值达1499.87亿元人民币，比兵团成立时的1954年增长了220倍，年均增长9.6%；比1981年兵团恢复时增长了22.9倍，年均增长10.4%。农业基础地位进一步加强，新型工业化进程加快，工业成为主导产业，第三产业在经济发展中的作用日益突出。2013年，三次产业结构比为29.0:41.8: 29.2。
III. Development and Construction
The economic development of the XPCC is an important part of the comprehensive economic development of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. For a long time, and particularly since the launch of the reform and opening-up policy, the XPCC has vigorously advanced urbanization, new industrialization, and agricultural modernization by exploiting its native advantages to embrace market demands, adjusting the economic structure and transforming the mode of development. It has made great efforts to protect the ecological environment, improve people's livelihood, boost employment, and raise the level of public services and social security, thus making remarkable achievements in all undertakings.
Constantly increase comprehensive economic strength. The total output value of the XPCC in 2013 was RMB 149.987 billion, 220 times that in 1954 when it was established, with an annual growth of 9.6%; and 22.9 times that in 1981 when the XPCC was reinstated, with an annual growth of 10.4%. The position of agriculture as foundation of the economy has strengthened, new industrialization accelerated with industry predominant, and tertiary industry has become growingly prominent in economic development. In 2013 the proportion of the three industries was 29.0:41.8:29.2.
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