一、与时俱进的发展权理念
拥有平等的发展机会，共享发展成果，使每个人都得到全面发展，实现充分的发展权，是人类社会的理想追求。
中华民族是勤劳智慧、善于创新、追求进步的民族。中国传统文化中的“小康”“大同”社会理想以及“丰衣足食”“安居乐业”等富民思想，充分反映了千百年来中国人民追求更高、更好、更加幸福生活的美好愿望。在漫长的历史进程中，中国人民为获得发展机会，改善发展条件，共享发展成果，进行了不懈奋斗。古代中国，农耕文明长期居于世界领先水平，创造了非凡的发展成就，为人类社会进步作出了重大贡献。有研究表明，直到19世纪中叶，在相当长的时间里，中国都是世界上国内生产总值和人均国内生产总值最多的国家。在16世纪以前世界上最重要的300项发明和发现中，中国占173项。
I.The Philosophy of the Right to Development Abreast with the Times
Equal access to development opportunities and development benefits are the ideals of human society wherein each and every citizen can achieve well-rounded development and enjoy full right to development.
The Chinese people are diligent, wise, innovative and progressive. In traditional Chinese culture, concepts such as "moderate prosperity" (xiao-kang), "great harmony" (datong), "having ample food and clothing" (fengyi zushi) and "living and working in peace and contentment" (anju leye) fully reflect the Chinese people's aspiration for and pursuit of a better, happier life. In the long course of history, the Chinese people have always striven for better and shared development opportunities, conditions and benefits. In ancient times, China was for long the world leader in agriculture, and contributed to human progress with extraordinary development achievements. Studies reveal that until the mid-19th century, China's GDP and per capita GDP were the world's highest. Before the 16th century, China contributed 173 of the world's top 300 innovations and discoveries.
近代工业革命发生后，中国开始丧失发展机会。西方殖民主义者推行的对外侵略扩张政策，更是彻底破坏了中国的发展条件。从1840年到1949年，由于西方列强的一次次入侵，加之统治阶级的腐朽和社会制度的落后，中国沦为半殖民地半封建社会，战争频仍，社会动荡，经济凋敝，民不聊生，坠入贫穷深渊。《剑桥中华民国史》对20世纪上半叶的中国有这样的描述：“绝大多数中国人至多不过勉强维持生存而已……许多人的生活水平甚至还不到向来的那种水平”“作为一种制度，中国经济甚至到了20世纪中叶仍停留在‘现代前’时期，只是到1949年以后才告结束……”在长达110年的时间里，中国人民为争取发展权，争取与各国享有平等的发展机会，进行了艰苦卓绝的斗争，中国人民深知发展的价值和发展权的宝贵。
1949年中华人民共和国的成立，开辟了中国发展的新纪元。新中国为人民提供了充分的发展机会和发展条件，为实现发展权开创了广阔的空间。经过60多年的发展，中国的综合国力大幅增强，人民生活实现了从贫困到总体小康的历史性跨越，中国人民在经济、政治、文化、社会、环境等各方面的发展权不断得到有效保障。中国以不足世界10%的耕地，养活了世界20%以上的人口；中国在改革开放30多年的时间里，使7亿多人口摆脱贫困，占全球减贫人口的70%以上；中国建立了世界上最大的社会保障体系，人均预期寿命从1949年前的35岁提高到2015年的76.34岁，居于发展中国家前列；中国人民受教育水平大幅提高，1949年全国人口中80%以上是文盲，学龄儿童入学率仅20%左右，而到2015年，小学学龄儿童净入学率为99.88%，九年制义务教育巩固率为93%，高中阶段毛入学率为87%，高等教育已接近中等发达国家水平。联合国《2016中国人类发展报告》显示，2014年中国的人类发展指数在188个国家中列第90位，已进入高人类发展水平国家组。
After the Industrial Revolution started in the 18th century, China began losing its leadership. Foreign aggression and expansion by Western colonialists completely destroyed conditions for development in China. Repeated invasions by foreign powers, particularly from the West, from 1840 to 1949, and China's corrupt ruling class and backward social system reduced China to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. There was constant warfare, an unstable society, economic depression, no security of livelihood, and extreme poverty. The Cambridge History of China: Republican China 1912-1949 describes China's situation in the first half of 20th century as follows: "...the great majority of Chinese merely sustained and reproduced themselves at the subsistence level ... the standard of life for many fell short even of that customary level." [Note: The Cambridge History of China (Volume 12): Republican China 1912-1949 Part I, Cambridge University Press, 1983, p. 28.] "As a system, China's economy which was 'pre-modern' even in the mid-twentieth century ceased to be viable only after 1949..." [Note: Ibid. p. 29.] In these 110 years, the Chinese people struggled arduously for their right to development and equal access to development opportunity. The Chinese people are fully aware of the value of development and of their right to development.
The founding of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1949 ushered in a new era for China's development. The PRC has provided full development opportunities and conditions to the people, and vast scope to realize that right. Through more than 60 years of effort, China's overall national strength has greatly increased; standards of living have achieved a historical leap from poverty to moderate prosperity; the people's right to development in economy, politics, culture, society and environment has been effectively protected.
China feeds more than 20 percent of the world's population with less than 10 percent of the world's arable land. Through more than 30 years of reform and opening-up, China has lifted 700 million people out of poverty, accounting for more than 70 percent of the global reduction in poverty. China has established the world's largest social security system, and average life expectancy had grown from 35 years in 1949 to 76.34 years in 2015, ranking high among the developing countries. The level of education has soared: in 1949, more than 80 percent of the national population was illiterate, and the enrollment rate of school-age children was only 20 percent. In 2015, net enrollment rates were as follows: primary school-age children - 99.88 percent; nine-year compulsory education -- 93 percent; high school - 87 percent. The enrollment rate for higher education has reached a level approaching that of medium-developed countries. According to the "China National Human Development Report 2016" released by the United Nations, China's Human Development Index (HDI) in 2014 ranked 90th among 188 countries, already in the high human development group.
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