完善国家赔偿制度和司法救助制度。出台《关于办理刑事赔偿案件适用法律若干问题的解释》，发布国家赔偿指导性案例，完善赔偿案件质证程序，规范精神损害抚慰金裁量标准。2013年至2017年6月，各级法院受理国家赔偿案件20027件。加强和规范国家救助工作，统一案件受理、救助范围、救助程序、救助标准、经费保障、资金方法，实现“救助制度法治化、救助案件司法化”。最高人民法院设立司法救助委员会，各级法院也相继成立司法救助委员会。2014年、2015年、2016年，中央与地方安排的救助资金总额分别为24.7亿元、29.4亿元、26.6亿元，共有26.8万余名当事人得到司法救助。
有效破解“执行难”。建立并运行覆盖全国法院的执行指挥系统和网络执行查控系统，健全联合信用惩戒体系，出台网络司法拍卖等涉执行司法解释和规范文件，案件执行质效显著提升。发布《关于加快推进失信被执行人信用监督、警示和惩戒机制建设的意见》，规定37项惩治“老赖”措施。完善包括先予执行在内的执行工作机制，切实有效缓解当事人困难。开展涉民生案件专项集中执行活动，着重执行涉及人民群众生存生活的追索劳动报酬、农民工工资、赡养费、抚养费等9类案件。2016年，全国法院共受理执行案件614.9万件，执结507.9万件，同比上升均超过三成；执行到位金额1.5万亿元，同比增加五成以上。
Improving the state compensation system and judicial aid system. China has promulgated the Interpretation on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Handling of Criminal Cases Regarding Compensation, issued guiding cases on state compensation, improved the procedure of cross-questioning evidence, and standardized compensation for mental suffering. From 2013 to June 2017, courts at all levels heard 20,027 cases involving state compensation. China has strengthened and standardized the work of legal aid, unified the filing of cases, the scope, the procedures and the standards of legal aid, and the supply and the use of funds so as to institutionalize the legal aid system and handle cases qualified for legal aid in a judicial framework. Courts at all levels including the Supreme People's Court have set up legal aid committees. The total amount of aid provided by the central and local governments was RMB2.47 billion in 2014, RMB2.94 billion in 2015 and RMB2.66 billion in 2016, benefiting more than 268,000 people.
Effectively resolving difficulties in the execution of court rulings. China has established a command system and an online check and control system about the execution of court rulings by all people's courts. It has improved an integrated punishment system on loss of credit, and issued judicial interpretations and normative documents on online judicial auctions and other issues related to the execution of court rulings, thus significantly improving the quality and efficiency of execution. China has promulgated Opinions on Establishment of a Mechanism of Credit Supervision, Warning and Punishment over People Found to Have Lost Their Credit by the Court, which stipulated 37 measures to punish diehard debtors. It has improved the work mechanism for execution, including advance execution, and effectively alleviated difficulties of the parties involved. The state has carried out special and concentrated actions concerning cases related to people's daily lives and focused on nine types of such cases, including the recovery of wages due, the wages of migrant workers, and alimony and support payments. In 2016, courts across the country heard a total of 6.1 million applications for execution, of which 5 million were concluded. This was an increase of more than 30 percent over 2015. They involved sums amounting to RMB1.5 trillion, an increase of 50 percent over 2015.
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