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5. 物称与人称
英语多用非人称词类作主语,而汉语则多用人称代词做主语。例如:
8) From the moment the engineering students arrived at the worksite of the railway in Tibet, much care and kindness surrounded them everywhere.
译文:工程专业的学生们一到达西藏的铁路建筑工地,他们就处处受到极大的关心和照顾。
9) A big sign board with the words “Danger! Falling bricks. ”reached their eyes when they got to the worksite.
他们到达工地时,一眼就看见了一个写着“小心掉砖砸伤”的大牌子。
6. 被动与主动
英语多用被动语态,特别是工程英语,而汉语多用主动语态。例如:
10) Electrical energy can be stored in two metal plates separated by an insulating me¬dium which is called battery.
译文:电能可以储存在由一绝缘介质隔开两块金属极板内,这种装置就是蓄电池。
7. 静态与动态
英语多用静态来表达,而汉语则多用动态来表达。例如:
11) This electronic instrument is a far more careful and industrious inspector than human beings.
译文:这个电子仪器比起人来检查得更加细心、更频繁。
8. 抽象与具体
英语多用抽象概念,而汉语则多用具体措辞。例如:
12) The absence of intelligence about the atomic power station is an indication of satisfactory development of its construction.
译文:没有核电站的消息即表明修建核电站的进展令人满意。
9. 间接与直接
英语多用间接肯定、否定,而汉语则多用直接肯定、否定。例如:
13) The engineer does not think that this new kind of material is not fit for the construction of bridges in this area.
译文:那位工程师认为这种新材料非常适合在该地区建造桥梁。
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