SP6(T4)I enjoyed reading novels.

SP7(T5)          He said that he would come.

SP8(T6)They asked what they could do.

SP9(D1)He gave me a book.

SP10(D5)He informed me that I should attend the   meeting.

SP11(D6)They asked me what they could do.

SP12(V2)I saw the man cross the street.

SP13(V3)He asked me to go with him.

SP14(V4)I saw the man crossing the street.

SP15(V8)He had his hair cut.

SP16(X1)They elected him president.

SP17(X7)We painted the door yellow.

SP18(X9)I found him in good health.

进行汉英翻译的第一步，恐怕首先要十分熟悉这些基本句型和常用句型才行。有了英语的基本语法，即创造符合英语 语法的基本规律，下一步就是研究英语句子的运动形式，英语句子的运动形式有二 ：并列法（coordination )、主从法 (subordination)、嵌入法(embedding)。以嵌入法为例，可以组成 汉语无法办到的句子。下面我们来看三个句子：

I chased the cat.

The cat chased the rat.

The rat ate the cake.

按英语句子的运动规律，以上三句话通过两次嵌入就可以合成：

I chased the cat that chased the rat that ate the cake.

如果把合并后的句子按原来的结构翻译成汉语，译句就十分别扭。 古人言："文贵变"，也就是，一篇之中章章变，一章之中段段变, 一段之中句句变。英语就是通过上述的句型和三种运动形式而生成变化出无限的句子的。依据这些，英语句子可短可长。下面我们来看看恩格斯著名演讲中的一句话：