专利说明书基本上是属于科技文体,它大量使用被动语态、非谓语动词(尤其是V-ing和V-ed形式,本书主要指现在分词和过去分词)、it is...that、it is... to V、as引出的结构、倒装、省略以及复合句和长句等。下面我们通过实例来看看专利说明书在语言结构方面的特点:
1. Silver electrodes,such as are commonly used with other ceramic capacitors, are generally unsuitable therein because firing to high temperature is required after the electrodes are applied.
像这样的银电极常用于其他类型的陶瓷电容器中,通常不宜在这里使用,因为在涂上电极之后,还得烧至很高的温度。
(说明:此复合句,由4个简单句组成,其中3个简单句的谓语是被动语态。such是形容词作定语,修饰silver electrodes, as为关系代词,引出定语从句,修饰electrodes。as在从句中作主语)
2.Thus,it is typical for transparent soap to be manufactured by being cast in a large frame, allowed to evaporate several weeks and then cut into bars after the most serious shrinkage has occurred.
因此,通常把要加工的透明肥皂注入大框里,任其蒸发数周,在充分收缩之后,再切成条块。
(说明:for transparent soap 为动词不定式 to be manufactured 的逻辑主语。allowed和cut之前省略了 being。注意cast, allowed 和cut三者并列,都是过去分词)
3.The prescribed proportions of PbO,Ti02,Zr02,Sb2 03 and Nb2O5 constituting a basic composition, and Th02, Ce02 or mixtures thereof forming an auxiliary composition were exactly weighed out, with the proportions of PbTi03 included in said basic composition fixed at 48 mol percent,the proportions of Pb ( SbNb ) 0 5 03 included therein varied to 26,20, 14, 10, 6 and 0.5 mol percent and the proportions of PbZr03 similarly included therein varied to 26, 32,38,42,48 and 51.5 mol percent.
按规定的比例准确称出PbO、Ti02、ZrO2、Sb203、Nb205,由它们构成基本成分。然后称出Th02,Ce02或其混合物,由这些物质构成辅助成分。含于上述基本成分中的PbTi03的组成比例固定在48摩尔%以上;含于上述基本成分中的Pb (SbNb)0.503的组成 比例的变化范围是26、20、14、10、6、0.5摩尔%;同样含于上 述基本成分中的PbZ!03的组成比例的变化范围是26、32、38、 42、48、51.5 摩尔%。
(说明:这是一个简单句,但并不简单。它含有8个V-ed 和2个V-ing其中有3个是with的复合结构(with +名词+ V -ed),即: with the proportions...fixed at...和两个 the proportions...varied to...。大量使用V-ed和V - ing是专利说明书的一个突出的特点)
上一篇:专利文献翻译易错句型
下一篇:英文专利文献翻译时倍数的增减与部分否定
微信公众号搜索“译员”关注我们,每天为您推送翻译理论和技巧,外语学习及翻译招聘信息。
相关理论文章