随着新中国的建立及中国社会的发展进步，在20世纪50年代末60年代初，西藏旧制度被彻底废除。然而，十四世达赖集团却逆历史潮流而动，非但不反思旧西藏政教合一制度的黑暗残暴，反而留恋不舍，梦想着有朝一日把这种制度重新搬回西藏。对此，十四世达赖集团的有关文件有着清楚的记载。1963年制定的《西藏未来民主宪法(草案)》中称：“西藏以佛祖所教诲之佛法精神为基础，建立一个民主统一的国家”。1991年制定的《流亡藏人宪法》规定：“未来西藏的政治是在坚持非暴力原则的基础上建立一个政教合一、自由安定的民主联邦共和国。”1992年制定的《西藏未来政体及宪法要旨》将“政教相辅”规定为未来西藏的政治性质。2011年修订后的《流亡藏人宪法》规定：未来西藏政治是“政教结合”。
二、新西藏走上了一条正确发展道路
After the People's Republic of China was founded and along with the progress in Chinese society, the old systems in Tibet were completely eradicated around the late 1950s and early 1960s. However, the 14th Dalai Lama and his followers have acted against this historical trend. Instead of acknowledging the ruthlessness and cruelty of theocratic rule, they pine for the old system and dream of resurrecting it in Tibet one day. Relevant statements can be found in their documents.
For instance, their Draft Democratic Constitution for Future Tibet, promulgated in 1963, stated, "Tibet shall be a unitary democratic State founded upon the principles laid down by the Lord Buddha." The Charter of the Tibetans-in-Exile, adopted in 1991, stated, "The future Tibetan polity shall uphold the principle of non-violence and shall endeavor to promote the freedom of the individual and the welfare of the society through the dual system of government based on a Federal Democratic Republic." The Guidelines for Future Tibet's Polity and Basic Features of Its Constitution, promulgated in 1992, defined the nature of future Tibet's polity as being "founded on spiritual values." The Charter of the Tibetans-in-Exile, amended in 2011, stipulated that the future polity of Tibet would be "a combination of political and religious power."
II. New Tibet Follows a Sound Path of Development
1949年中华人民共和国成立后，西藏发生了历史性的转变。1951年，西藏实现和平解放，为彻底将帝国主义势力驱逐出西藏创造了条件。1959年，西藏实行民主改革，一举结束了延续几百年的政教合一的封建农奴制。1965年，西藏自治区成立，社会主义制度建立。1978年后，中国开始改革开放，西藏现代化建设不断取得新成就。进入21世纪以来，西藏的发展驶入快车道，全面建设小康社会不断取得新进展。经过60多年的建设发展，西藏各族人民逐步探索出具有中国特色、西藏特点的发展路子，一个传统与现代交相辉映的新西藏呈现在世人面前。
——新西藏的发展道路，是中华民族大团结之路
近代以来，由于帝国主义的侵略，西藏面临着是统一于中华民族大家庭还是从中华民族大家庭中分裂出去的两种命运。英国殖民者先后于1888年和1904年两次武装侵略西藏，强迫当时的中国清朝(1644-1911年)政府签订不平等条约，取得在西藏的大量特权。清朝灭亡后，英国殖民者积极培植西藏分裂势力，制造“西藏独立”问题。1949年中华人民共和国成立后，西藏上层分裂分子和帝国主义势力加紧策划“西藏独立”，企图把西藏从中国分裂出去。中央人民政府根据西藏的历史和现实情况，决定采取和平解放西藏的方针，坚定维护国家的统一和领土完整。十世班禅等藏族各界爱国人士也纷纷发出解放西藏的呼吁，要求中国人民解放军进驻西藏，维护国家统一。1951年5月23日，中央人民政府和西藏地方政府的代表签订《关于和平解放西藏办法的协议》(以下简称《十七条协议》)，西藏宣告和平解放。十四世达赖于10月24日致电中央政府主席毛泽东，表示：“西藏地方政府及藏族僧俗人民一致拥护，并在毛主席及中央人民政府的领导下积极协助人民解放军进藏部队巩固国防，驱逐帝国主义势力出西藏，保护祖国领土主权的统一。”
Tibet has undergone historic changes after the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949. The peaceful liberation of Tibet in 1951 made it possible to expel the forces of imperialism from Tibet, and the democratic reform in 1959 brought to an end the feudal theocratic serfdom that had endured, and exerted both religious and political power, for hundreds of years. In 1965, the Tibet Autonomous Region was established, and the socialist system has since prevailed in Tibet. Following the launch of reform and opening up in 1978, the drive for modernization has brought extensive benefits to Tibet as much as to any other part of the country. Especially in the 21st century, Tibet has achieved even faster growth and further progress towards building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way. Through more than 60 years of development, the people of Tibet have found a path of development that is both characteristically Chinese and suited to the actual prevailing conditions in Tibet. Thus, a new Tibet that is a blend of both the traditional and the modern has appeared.
- The development path of new Tibet safeguards the unity of the Chinese nation.
Tibet faced two different possible outcomes when the imperialists invaded the plateau in the modern era: unity with or separation from the Chinese nation. British colonialists invaded Tibet twice - in 1888 and 1904 - and forced the Qing court, which ruled China from 1644 to 1911, to sign a couple of unequal treaties that accorded Britain with many privileges in Tibet. When the Qing court was overthrown in 1911, the British began fostering separatist forces in Tibet, trying to engineer "Tibetan independence." No sooner had the People's Republic of China been founded in 1949 than separatists from the upper classes of Tibet were hastening to hatch plots for "Tibetan independence" with imperialist forces, attempting to separate Tibet from the motherland. Based on an assessment of Tibet's history and the prevailing conditions there, the Central People's Government of China decided to follow a principle of peaceful liberation for Tibet so as to safeguard national unity and territorial integrity. Patriots in Tibet, including the 10th Panchen Lama, also called on the central government to liberate and station Chinese People's Liberation Army troops in Tibet to ensure the unity of the country. The peaceful liberation of Tibet was finally achieved when the Agreement of the Central People's Government and the Local Government of Tibet on Measures for the Peaceful Liberation of Tibet (also known as the "17-Article Agreement") was signed on May 23, 1951. The 14th Dalai Lama sent a telegram to Mao Zedong, chairman of the Central People's Government, which read: "...The local government of Tibet as well as the ecclesiastical and secular people unanimously support this Agreement, and, under the leadership of Chairman Mao and the Central People's Government, will actively assist the PLA troops entering Tibet to consolidate national defense, ousting imperialist influences from Tibet and safeguarding the unification of the territory and the sovereignty of the motherland."
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