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《新疆的宗教信仰自由状况》白皮书(中英对照)I
2018-03-24 13:20:20    译聚网    国新网    



  充分尊重信教公民的宗教感情、信仰需求。斋月期间,清真餐馆歇业或开业完全由业主自行决定,不受干涉。有吃斋饭传统的清真寺和一些信教公民免费为封斋者提供开斋饭。各地加强服务保障,确保斋月期间各项宗教活动有序进行。2015年7月3日正值斋月,和田地区发生6.5级地震,政府在积极做好救援安置工作的同时,及时搭建临时宗教活动场所,保障灾区信教公民礼拜、封斋等正常宗教生活。17日晚(开斋节前夜),新疆主要领导与伊斯兰教界人士、各族穆斯林群众代表共进开斋饭,共迎开斋节,受到社会各界广泛关注和好评。


  信教公民的习俗得到充分尊重。《中华人民共和国民族区域自治法》《中华人民共和国刑法》《中华人民共和国民法通则》《中华人民共和国教育法》《中华人民共和国劳动法》《中华人民共和国广告法》和《新疆维吾尔自治区清真食品管理条例》《新疆维吾尔自治区民族团结进步工作条例》等一系列法律法规,对保护信教公民习俗作出了具体规定,如清真食品的生产、加工、储运和销售,特需食品供应,清真饭馆、清真食堂开设等。各族人民在春节、古尔邦节、肉孜节等重大传统节日,都能享受到法定的节日假期和特需食品的供应。为有土葬习俗的少数民族划拨公墓专用土地。对带有宗教色彩的传统习俗,如起名、站礼、送葬、过乃孜尔等,予以尊重。


Citizens' religious feelings and needs are fully respected. During the holy Islamic month of Ramadan whether to close or open halal (Muslim food) restaurants is completely determined by the owners themselves without interference. There are mosques with a tradition of having iftar (the evening meal when Muslims end their daily Ramadan fast at sunset) and a number of religious believers provide free iftar to fasting people. Local governments ensure that all religious activities during Ramadan go on in an orderly manner. On July 3, 2015, during Ramadan, a 6.5-magnitude earthquake occurred in Hotan Prefecture. The government carried out rescue work while at the same time promptly setting up temporary sites to ensure prayer, fasting and other normal religious life for religious believers in the disaster-hit areas. On the evening of July 17 (the eve of Eid al-Fitr, festival of breaking of the fast), principal Party and government leaders of Xinjiang had iftar with Islamic personages and Muslim representatives of all ethnic groups to welcome Eid al-Fitr, attracting wide attention and praise from all sectors of society.


The customs of religious believers are fully respected. State laws, including the Law on Regional Ethnic Autonomy, Criminal Law, General Principles of the Civil Law, Education Law, Labor Law, and Advertising Law, and local regulations, including the Regulations of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region on Administration of Muslim Food and the Regulations of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region on the Work of Ethnic Unity and Progress contain specific provisions on the protection of religious customs, including production, processing, storage, distribution and selling of halal food, supply of special food, setting up of halal restaurants and halal canteens. During the Spring Festival, Eid al-Adha (Corban Festival), Eid al-Fitr and other major traditional festivals, all ethnic groups can enjoy statutory holidays and be supplied with special foodstuffs. Special cemetery areas are allocated for some ethnic-minority groups who traditionally bury their dead in the ground. Traditional practices of a religious nature, such as naming a child, funeral pray, burial, and holding Nazer (memorial activities), are respected.


 宗教文化遗产得到有效保护。新疆现有喀什艾提尕尔清真寺、昭苏圣佑庙、克孜尔千佛洞等109处宗教文化古迹被列入自治区级以上文物保护单位,其中,全国重点文物保护单位46处,自治区级文物保护单位63处。中央政府拨专款对列入国家和新疆文物保护单位的喀什艾提尕尔清真寺、伊宁拜图拉清真寺、和田加曼清真寺、乌鲁木齐洋行清真寺和喀什香妃墓等进行修缮。新疆出资维修吐鲁番苏公塔、昭苏圣佑庙等28所寺庙。《先知传》《金光明经卷二》《弥勒会见记》等多部宗教类古籍被列入《国家珍贵古籍名录》。拨专款保护和整理历史流传下来的《古兰经》《穆圣传》等古籍。涉及宗教的非物质文化遗产也得到有效保护和传承。


  保障宗教界参政议政权利。各级人民代表大会和政治协商会议对宗教信仰自由政策和法律法规的贯彻执行情况实施监督检查。在各级人民代表大会、政治协商会议中,新疆宗教界有1436人担任代表、委员,通过人民代表大会、政治协商会议,履行参政议政权利,就政府相关工作特别是宗教方面的工作提出意见、建议或议案、提案。


Religious and cultural heritages are effectively protected. A total of 109 religious and cultural sites in Xinjiang, including Id Kah Mosque in Kashgar, Shengyou Lamasery in Zhaosu and the Kizil Grottoes, have been designated as cultural relics sites under the protection of the autonomous region and the state. Among the 109 sites, 46 are key cultural relics sites under the protection of the state, and 63 are under the protection of the autonomous region. The central government has allocated special funds to renovate cultural relic protection sites at the state and autonomous-region levels, including the Id Kah Mosque in Kashgar, Baytulla Mosque in Yining, Jiaman Mosque in Hotan, Yanghang Mosque in Urumqi and the Tomb of the Fragrant Imperial Concubine (Apak Hoja Mazzar) in Kashgar. The Xinjiang government has funded the renovation and repair of 28 temples, including Sulayman' s Minaret in Turpan and Shengyou Lamasery in Zhaosu. Many ancient religious books, including the Biography of the Prophet (Qissasul anbiya), Volume II of the Golden Light Sutra (Suvar aprabhasa Sutra), and Maitrisimit Nom Bitig, have been included in the Catalog of National Rare Books of China. Special funds have been allocated to protect and edit some books, such as the Koran and The Prophet Muhammad: A Biography, which have been passed down from history. Intangible cultural heritage items relating to religion are also under effective protection and inheritance.


Religious personages' right to participate in the deliberation and administration of state affairs is protected. People's congresses and committees of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) at all levels supervise and inspect the implementation of the policy of religious freedom and the enforcement of pertinent laws and regulations. Among people's congresses and the CPPCC committees at all levels, 1,436 religious believers from Xinjiang serve as deputies and members to fulfill the right to participate in the deliberation and administration of state affairs through the two organs, raising views and recommendations or submitting proposals and motions on government work, especially religious work.




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