7.倍数的翻译
(1) “be n times as + a. (ad.)+ as”“是的n倍”或“比......大(n-1)倍”
The grain output of this year is about three times as great as that of last year.
译文:今年的粮食产量大约是去年的3倍/去年多两倍左右。
(2)“n times + a.(ad.) 比较级+than”“是......的n倍”或“比......大(n-1)倍”
Asia is four times larger than Europe.
译文:亚洲的面积是欧洲的4倍/亚洲的面积比欧洲大3倍，
This power plant is four times larger than that one.
译文:这个发电站是那个发电站的4倍/比那个发电站大三倍
(3)“be as + a. (ad.)+ again as”: “again as+ a. (ad.) + as”“是......的两倍”或“比.......多一倍”另外，若again之前有half，则表示“比......长(大，宽，多.....)半倍”:若 again之前有 much 或 many，则表示“比.......长(大，宽，多......)一倍”
例:This wire is as long again as that one.
译文:这根金属线的长度是那根的两倍。
Brown has half as many books again as Peter does.
译文:布郎的书比彼得的书多一半。
Prof. Peter has books as many again as I do.
译文:彼得教授的书比我的书多一倍。
(4)“n times + upon/over”“是.....n倍”或“比.......多(n-1)倍”
He is five times upon your age.
译文:他的年龄是你的5倍。
The industrial output in our factory this year is ten times over that of 1999.
详文:今年我们工厂的产量是1999年的10倍。
The total output value of the city's light industry has grown three times over that of last year
译文:这个城市的轻工业总产值比去年增长了两倍。
(5) “increase (rise, grow, go up 等)+(by) n times”
“increase (rise, grow, go up 等)+to+n times”
“increase (rise, grow, go up 等)+n-fold”
“increase (rise, grow, go up 等)+by a factor of +n”“增加到n倍”、“增加了(n-1)倍”
The population of this county has increased by a factor of 5.
译文:该县的人口已经增长了4倍。
By2004 the production of primary copper has increased five fold.
译文:到2004年，原铜产量增长了4倍。
The sales of industrial clectronic products have multiplied S times.
译文:工业电子产品销售额增加了4倍。
The steel output has increased by three times
译文:钢产量已增加了两倍。
The price of rice has increased to three times.
译文:大米的价格涨到了原价的3倍。
(6) “increase (rise, grow, go up) +by n+单位(或n%)”表示净增量，数词n等照译
例:The output went up by 45 000 tons.
译文:产量增加了45 000吨，
The production has increased by 5 %
译文:生产已增加了5%。
(7)“an increase of n+单位”或“a n% increase of”表示净增量，数词n照译
There is an increase of 4.5 million tons of steel as compared with last year
译文:钢产量比去年增加了450万吨。
There is a 25% increase of steel as compared with last year.
译文:钢产量比去年增加了25%。
(8) “decrease ( reduce, fall, lower,等)+by n或n%”;“(系)动词+n或n% less (than)”表示净减量，所减数字n均可照译
180 decreased by 80 is 100.
译文:180减去80等于100.
The cost decreased by 40%.
译文:成本下降了40%。
This new process used 35 % less fuel.
译文:这种工艺少用了35%的燃料。
(9) “decrease (reduce, fall等)+(by)n times”
”decrease (reduce, fall等)+ntimes as + a. (ad.)+ as”
“decrease (reduce, fall等)+by a factor of n“减少到n分之1”或“减少了n分之(n-1)"
The enterprise management expenditure this year has decreased by three times as against that of 2002.
译文:该企业今年的行政管理开支比2002年降低了21/3.
The price of farm tools has decreased by a factor of 4.
译文:农具价格降到原价的1/4。
The error probability of the equipment was reduced by 2.5 times through technical innovation.
译文:通过技术革新该设备误差概率降低了3/5。
因为英汉语言在使用分数方面的差异(如汉语的分母中极少使用小數点)，如果英语减少的倍数中有小数点时，则应换算成分数。根据表达习惯英语中的2.5times，汉语一般不说“二点五分之一”，这时应换算成整数分母，即“降低到五分之二”或“降低了五分之三”。
例:By using a new process the prime cost of the television set was reduced by 3.4 times
译文:采用一种新工艺使这种电视的主要成本降低了71%.
算成整数分母，即“降低到5/17”或“降低了12/17”，但这样仍不符合汉语习惯。在不要求绝对精确的情况下，可进一步换算成百分数，即“降低到29%”或“降低了71%”。
8.大数字的翻译
中国与英美数字方面的差异:
首先，数目的分位制不同。中国数字分位是“个、十、百、千”，再往上是“万、十万、百万、千万”，然后是“亿、十亿、百亿、千亿”，等等。而英美则习惯上以三位数来分位，即“个、十、百”，往上去是“千、十千、百千”，然后是“M (million 百万)、十M、百M”，最后落脚点都在“百”上。
其次，命数法不同。中国以“万”和“亿”来命数，而英美以“million”和“billion”来命数。同时，英美的命数也有不同:“billion”在美国指“十亿”，在英国指“万亿(兆)”，美国则用“trillion”指“万亿(兆)”。
例:nine thousand, seven hundred and forty-three 9743
a hundred and seventy-four thousand, three hundred and one 174,301
eighteen million, six hundred and fifty-seven thousand, four hundred and twenty-one 18,657,421
seven hundred and fifty million 750,000,000
four billion(美式)或four thousand million(英式)40亿
twenty billion(美式)200亿
three hundred billion(美式)3000亿
four million million 4万亿
英文数字读法规律(从右开始读，以美式英语为例):
第一个逗号前的数字读成thousand,
1,000 = one thousand
第二个逗号前的数字读成million,
1,000,000 = one million
第三逗号前的数字读成billion,
1,000,000,000= one billion
第四个逗号前的数字读成trillion, 1,000,000,000,000=one trillion
责任编辑：admin
上一篇：商务翻译例文——保险合同/Insurance Contract
下一篇：商务翻译例文——专利和安全信息/Patents and Safety Information
微信公众号搜索“译员”关注我们，每天为您推送翻译理论和技巧，外语学习及翻译招聘信息。