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民事判决书的翻译要点
2023-12-31 10:09:38    etogether.net    网络    

第三,英美国家的民事判决书主要涉及管辖权,案件背景和事实陈述,以及法院判决等内容,有些判决书翻译成Decree,一般指衡平法院的判决,即法院通过审理和听取诉讼各方的辩论后,根据公平和良知的原则确定各方的权利义务而做出的命令和判决。通常将判决书翻译成Judgment,Judgment 也包括Decree。

① 判决书介绍完当事人身份等基本内容后,便是简要的说明案由(This cause came on the day of... to be heard on the Claim that..., and the Court being fully advised in the premises finds the following to be facts),本案于xx(日期)进行审理,本案是应xx纠纷一案审理的,本法院在充分考虑了各有关事项之后裁定下列事实:……。

② 管辖权问题在案件判决的过程中很重要,必须首先加以说明(This Court has jurisdiction over the subject matter and all necessary parties are properly before this Court) 本法院对审议的问题有管辖权,而且所有需要出庭的当事人均已出庭。

③ 在判决部分,通常会说本法院有充足理由裁定;或者(It is, therefore, ordered, adjudged and decreed that this Court has full and complete jurisdiction over the subject matter and the parties and that all necessary parties are properly present at this Court; that all of the enumerated findings are determined to be facts.)因此,本法院裁决,本法院对本案审议的问题及当事人享有完全的管辖权,所有必须出庭的当事人都已正当出庭,所有列举事项都被裁定为事实。

④ 法院的进一步判决(The Court's further orders),(Jurisdiction is reserved to make other and further orders necessary to enforce this judgment)保留为执行本判决之需做出其他的和进一步裁定的管辖权;(Jurisdiction is reserved over all other issues and all present orders remain in effect )保留对所有其他问题的管辖权,而且一切现有的裁定仍然有效;This judgment shall be entered nunc pro tune as of (date)... 本判决追溯至x x (日期),nunc pro tune为法律英语中保留的拉丁文,意思是可“溯及既往”。

⑤ 英美国家的民事上诉案件的判决书也有几种不同的结论:维持原判(It can affirm the judgment of the trial court, meaning that it approves of this judgment);改判(It can reverse that judgment and directly issue the judgment for the opposing side);撤销原判并发回重审(The appellate court will vacate the trial court's judgment and remand the case to the trial court for further proceedings consistent with its opinion if the clarification of the appellate court's opinion depends on development of further facts)。


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