desquamation脱皮，脱屑

ecchymosis瘀斑

loss of skin turgor失去皮肤充盈

nevus痣

papule丘疹

petechia瘀点，瘀斑

pigmentation色素沉着

pustule脓疱

purpura紫癫

red nodule红结节

roseola玫瑰疹

scar伤疤

senile plaque老人斑

spider anaioma蛛形痣

subcutaneous nodule皮下结节

urticaria荨麻疹

vesicle小水疱

vitiligo白斑

blindness失明

blurred vision, visual disturbance视力模糊

impaired vision视力下降

lacrimation流泪

papilledema视神经乳头水肿

photophobia畏光，羞明

retinal detachment视网膜脱离

deafness聋

hearing loss听力丧失

tinnitus耳鸣

epistaxis, nasal bleeding鼻出血

impaired smelling嗅觉障碍

nasal discharge鼻涕

nasal obstruction鼻塞

sneeze喷嚏

snore打鼾

aphonia, loss of voice失音症

hoarseness嘶哑

gum bleeding齿龈出血

herpes labialis唇疱疹，感冒疮

Koplik’s spots科普利克斑

lead line of the gum龈铅线

salivation, drooling流口水

straw-berry tongue草莓舌

tremulous tongue舌震颤

atrophy萎缩

contracture挛缩

deformity畸形，变形

dislocation脱位

fracture骨折

closed (simple)fracture无创骨折，单纯性骨折

comminuted fracture粉碎性骨折

compound fracture哆开（开放性）骨折

knock-knee膝外翻

opisthotonos角弓反张

prosthesis假体

spasm痉挛

tetany (肌)强直，手足抽搦

wrist drop腕下垂

aphasia失语

ataxia共济失调

coma昏迷

consciousness知觉，意识

convulsion抽搐，惊厥

delirium谵妄

delusion妄想

faint昏厥

hallucination幻觉

hemiplegia偏瘫

increased intracranial pressure颅内压增高

insanity精神错乱

loss of orientation定向丧失

mania躁狂

memory defects, amnesia记忆缺损，遗忘症

paraplegia截瘫，下身麻痹

projectile vomiting喷射性呕吐

somnolence, (lethargy)昏睡，嗜睡

stupor木僵，昏呆

tetraplegia四肢瘫痪

unconsciousness失去知觉

yawning打哈欠

crisis危象

cerebral (febrile, hematic, hemolytic,hypertensive, thyrotoxic, ...) crisis

脑（热、血性、溶血、高血压、甲状腺中毒…）危象

failure衰竭，故障

central (circulatory, cardiac, myocardiac, peripheral, congestive, renal, respiratory) failure

中枢（循环、心力、心肌、周围循环、充血性、肾、呼吸…）衰竭

diagnosis诊断

auscultation听诊

inspection视诊

palpation触诊

percussion叩诊

laboratory examination实验室检查

physical examination体格检查

rectal (vaginal) touch直肠（阴道）指诊

impression印象

tentative diagnosis暂定诊断

differential diagnosis鉴别诊断

final diagnosis最后诊断

prognosis预后

prescription处方

incubation (latent) period潜伏期

prodromal stage前驱期

incipient stage初期

quiescent stage静止期

alleviation减轻，缓和

remission缓解

attack发作

convalescence (recovery) stage恢复期

rehabilitation康复

relapse复发

sudden death猝死

moribund濒死的

course of the disease病程

course of the treatment疗程

indication适应症，指征

complication并发症

contraindication禁忌症

side-effect副作用

sequel (sequela), after effect后遗症

therapies治疗方法

acupuncture therapy针刺疗法

block therapy封闭疗法

chemical therpy (chemo-therapy)化学疗法

combined therapy综合疗法

conservative therapy保守疗法

constitutional therapy全身疗法

dietetic therapy饮食疗法

operative treatment手术疗法

palliative treatment, alleviative treatment姑息疗法

physical therapy物理疗法

psychotherapy精神疗法

radical treatment根治

radio-therapy放射性疗法

supporting treatment支持疗法

symptomatic treatment对症疗法

cardiac massage心脏按摩

cardiac pacing心脏起博

electrotherapy电疗法

electroshock treatment电休克疗法

hemodialysis血液透析

hyperbaric therapy高压氧疗法

insulin-shock treatment胰岛素休克疗法

light therapy光疗法

therapeutic gymnastics医疗体育