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上述单词均有议会的含义。其中,Parliament主要指英国、加拿大等国的议会,其包括君主、上议院和下议院(consisting of the monarch,the House of Lords,and the House of Commons ) [1]。 town council则为英格兰或苏格兰等地的郡议会。Congress是美国国会,包括参议院和众议院(consisting of Senate and House of Representatives),但尤指众议院[2]。而 General Assembly 是指美国的州议会Diet指日本议会和丹麦议会等[4]。Reichstag是指旧时德意志帝国德国会或德国国民议会下议院[5],德意志联邦共和国议会(Federal Parliament)由Bundestag (德意志联邦共和国下议院)[6]和Bundesrat或Bundesrath (联邦德国上议院)[7]组成,各省的议会则称为Landtag[8]。现在的法国议院则由一两院制议会(bicameral Parliament)组成,包括“参议院” (Senate) 和“国民议会” (National Assembly) [9]。中国的立法机关则是National People’s Congress (中国人民代表大会)。Duma为俄罗斯国的议会[10]。
[1] " The supreme legislative body of some nations,esp.,in the United Kingdom, the national legislature consisting of the monarch, Commons. " Cf. Bryan A. Gamer, Black's Law Dictionary, 7th edition, at p. 1139,West Croup (1999). “The Parliament of Canada. ”Cf. Daphne Dukelow, The Dictionary of Canadian Law, at p. 747 , Thomson Professional Publishing Canada (1991).
[2]“ The legislative branch of the United States government. " Cf. Linda Picard Wood, J. D. , Merriam Websters Dictionary of Law, at p. 96 Meniam-Webster, Incorporated (1996).