【参考译文】人们常说，电视使人们了解最近发生的大事，使人跟上最新科学和政治的发展，并向人们提供无终止的既有教育意义又有娱乐性的节目。

4. You have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction and deduction, that by the help of these operations, they, in a sort of sense, manage to extract from Nature certain natural laws，and that out of these, by some special skill of their own， they build up their theories.

【结构分析】如能看出此句所涉及的并列结构...that... , that...，and that...，即可以说解决了此句的关键疑难点。因此，遇到长句如能查看一下是否有并列结构很重要。

【参考译文】人们常说过，科学家基于归纳法和演绎法工作，借助于这些方法，在某种意义上说，设法从自然界找出某些自然规律，然后根据这些规律，用他们自己特殊的技能逐步建立起自己的理论。

5. From agreement on this general goal, we have, unfortunately, in the past proceeded to disagreement on specific goals, and from there to total inaction.

【结构分析】本句在词序上是倒装，顺过来应为We have, unfort5unately, in the past 

proceeded form agreement on this general goal to disagreement on specific goals and from there to total inaction. ”句中的 there 指 agreement on general goal。

【参考译文】遗憾的是，在过去我们已经从总目标的一致发展到在目标上的分歧，并且从有所作为到无所作为。

6. Just as all truck drivers and construction workers are no longer necessarily men，all secretaries and receptionists are no longer automatically women.

【结构分析】这里句子结构实际上是Just as., so……，译为“正如……，……也一样”。从上述我们

可以看出，翻译中的关键在于缩小两种语言的结构上的差距，如果能将差距缩小到最小限度，那么翻译就小，这本身就证明了这点。

【参考译文】正如所有的卡车司机和建筑工人不一定都是男的，所有的秘书和接待员也不一定都是女的。

7. And he knew how ashamed he would have been if she had known his mother and the kind of place in which he was bom, and the kind of people among whom he was bom.

【结构分析】这个句子包括一个宾语从句，一个条件从句（在从句中的主语用and连接另外两个名词词组作宾语）和两个定语从句。如果按照原文顺序来译，译文会非常拗口、别扭，因此，译者要考虑倒译的方法，按照汉语的叙事顺序来翻译。

【参考译文】他出生在这样一类人中间，他出生在这种地方，他有这样的母亲；这一切要是让她知道了的话，他知道该多没面子。

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