(一）转换成定语从句

同位语从句在意义上和结构形式上非常接近定语从句， 实际上，已有人认为它是一种特殊形式的定语从句（两者的区别只在于：引导同位语从句的that是从属连词，在从句中不担任任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，在从句中总担任一个成分）。因此，在不少情况下可以把同位语从句转 换成定语从句译出，即把同位语从句译作其本位语的定语。试看以下各例。

7) They felt that a comet was a sign that something bad was going to happen；war, disease , flood and so on.

他们曾认为，慧星是不祥事件（如战争、疾病、洪水等） 行将发生的征兆。

8) The theory that diseases are caused by bacteria was advanced by Pasteur, a French chemist.

细菌致病的理论是法国化学家巴斯德提出来的。

9) By the turn of the present century scientists were sure that the concept that the atom was indivisible was wrong.

本世纪初，科学家们认识到，原子不可分割的概念是错误的。

(二)转换成宾语从句

如果同位语从句的本位语是一个具有动作意义的名词， 那么，为了汉语表达上的方便，往往可以把本位语名词转译成动词，而把从句转译成宾语从句。试看以下各例。

10) The article was signed "Commentator", usually an indication that it was issued on highest authority.

文章署名为“评论员”，这通常表明文章是根据最高当局的命令发表的。

11) In the first half of the last century the discovery was made that a magnet could be used to get an electric current.

上一世纪前期人们发现，磁铁可用于产生电流。（本句为割裂式同位语从句）

(三）转换成表语从句

从同位语从句与其本位语的关系及全句的逻辑意义出发 ，有些从句可以转译成表语从句，即把从句译成汉语的判断合成谓语的一部分。试看以下各例。

12) A petrol — engine has the advantage that it is light in weight and can easily be controlled.

汽油发动机的优点是重量轻、操纵简便。

13) Until fairly recently the scientific community agreed that one characteristic separating man from all other animals was the fact that human beings made and used tools.

直到最近，科学界还一致认为，人类不同于所有其它动物的一个特点就是人类能制造并使用工具。

四、和主句合译成简单句

和其它名词性从句一样，同位语从句也吋以和主句合译成一个简单句，there be结构中的同位语从句更是如此。具体译法是把主句译作简单句中的一个成分。这样译出可使表达更为明快、连贯。试看以下各例。

14) There is now hope that a vaccine will be made against trachoma.

现在，已经有希望制出防治砂眼的疫苗。

15) Obviously there was little probability that they would fail, but they cared much.

显然，他们不大可能失败，但他们还是很小心。

责任编辑：admin