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5. 否定副词+含否定意义的动词
Mr. Wang scarcely missed the flight to Shanghai yesterday.
王先生昨天恰好赶上去上海的航班。比较:王先生昨天差一点儿没赶上去上海的航班。
上面介绍了含有no、not这样的句子,一眼就能看到它的否定因素。然而在实际中,不少句子看上去是肯定意思,但使用了表示否定意义的词语,如:hardly, scarcely, little, far from, rather than, instead of, despite, too... for...等,使其谓语部分含有否定意义,译成汉语时应在动词前面加上否定修饰语“并不、并非、几乎不、简直不、并未、并无、根本就不、一点儿也不”等,或在后面加上否定性补语,比如:
a. We could scarcely recognize each other when we met after 20 years of separation.
分别20年后才相会,我们几乎互不认识了。
b. I hardly know what to say.
我简直不知道说啥好了。
c. It is hardly necessary to emphasize the importance of clarity and completeness in the instructions given in the application for the credit*
(—THE LAW OF BANKERS' COMMERCIAL CREDITS)
对于信用证申请书的指示,强调其清楚与完整的重要性并不那么必要。
和上述形式上肯定而意义上否定的句型相反,还有一种形式上否定但意义上却是肯定的句型,即所谓“非否定意义的否定句”,其主要结构形式有:can't (help) but..., can't be... enough, nobody/ none...,nothing...but...等。请看例子:
a. Touched by his heroic deeds, we can't but shed tears.
被他那英雄事迹所感动,我们不禁热泪盈眶。
b. None but Smith could undertake that heavy task.
只有史密斯才能承担那项艰巨的任务。
c. Nothing but a few days rest is enough for my recovery.
我只需要休息几天就可以康复了。
责任编辑:admin