- 签证留学 |
- 笔译 |
- 口译
- 求职 |
- 日/韩语 |
- 德语
“词本无义,义随文生。”词语的翻译应充分考虑到语境,确定词义时要注意词的搭配,词义的褒贬等方面,表达时可以根据上下文和逻辑关系对词义进行引申, 同时还要注意语体。
1. 词的搭配
英语词汇的搭配能力很强,同一个词需要不同的汉语词汇来翻译。试比较下列例句。
(1) …who is a good Christian, a good parent, child, wife or husband. ......真的是虔诚的教徒,慈爱的父母,孝顺的儿女,贤良的妻子,尽职的丈夫。 (《名利场》, 杨必译)
(2) He halted in the district where by night are found the lightest street, hearts, vows and librettos. 他到了一个市区才停下脚步,那里晚上有最明亮的街道,最愉快的心情,最轻率的盟誓和最轻松的歌曲。
(3) I said sorry, but he didn't say a word. He just gave me a black look. 我说了对不起,但他没吭声,只是白了我一眼,
2. 词义的褒贬
英语中某些词汇既可表示褒义又可表示贬义,如ambition既可表示“雄心”,又可表示“野心”,翻译时只有依靠语境,理解作者的感情立场,区分褒贬义,才能准确传达原文作者的思想感情。
(4) Once, early in 1974,while driving along the San Diego Freeway from Clemente to Los Angeles, he was asked to reflect on his hopes and ambitions. 1974 年初,有人同他一起驱车从克利门蒂沿圣地亚哥公路去洛杉矶,途中请他谈了他的希望和抱负。
(5) He was a man of integrity, but unfortunately he had a certain reputation. I believe the reputation was not deserved. 他是ー个正直诚实的人,但不幸有某种坏名声。我相信他这个坏名声是不该有的。
(6) Should the couples split up or stay together for the sake of the kids?这样的夫妻应该离婚还是应该为了孩子凑合着过下去?
3. 词义的引申