2017年新一届美国政府上任以来，在“美国优先”的口号下，抛弃相互尊重、平等协商等国际交往基本准则，实行单边主义、保护主义和经济霸权主义，对许多国家和地区特别是中国作出一系列不实指责，利用不断加征关税等手段进行经济恫吓，试图采取极限施压方法将自身利益诉求强加于中国。面对这种局面，中国从维护两国共同利益和世界贸易秩序大局出发，坚持通过对话协商解决争议的基本原则，以最大的耐心和诚意回应美国关切，以求同存异的态度妥善处理分歧，克服各种困难，同美国开展多轮对话磋商，提出务实解决方案，为稳定双边经贸关系作出了艰苦努力。然而，美国出尔反尔、不断发难，导致中美经贸摩擦在短时间内持续升级，使两国政府和人民多年努力培养起来的中美经贸关系受到极大损害，也使多边贸易体制和自由贸易原则遭遇严重威胁。

Since taking office in 2017, the new administration of the US government has trumpeted “America First”. It has abandoned the fundamental norms of mutual respect and equal consultation that guide international relations. Rather, it has brazenly preached unilateralism, protectionism and economic hegemony, making false accusations against many countries and regions - particularly China - intimidating other countries through economic measures such as imposing tariffs, and attempting to impose its own interests on China through extreme pressure. 

China has responded from the perspective of the common interests of both parties as well as the world trade order. It is observing the principle of resolving disputes through dialogue and consultation, and answering the US concerns with the greatest level of patience and good faith. The Chinese side has been dealing with these differences with an attitude of seeking common ground while shelving divergence. It has overcome many difficulties and made enormous efforts to stabilize China-US economic and trade relations by holding rounds of discussions with the US side and proposing practical solutions. However the US side has been contradicting itself and constantly challenging China. As a result, trade and economic friction between the two sides has escalated quickly over a short period of time, causing serious damage to the economic and trade relations which have developed over the years through the collective work of the two governments and the two peoples, and posing a grave threat to the multilateral trading system and the principle of free trade.

　　为澄清中美经贸关系事实，阐明中国对中美经贸摩擦的政策立场，推动问题合理解决，中国政府特发布此白皮书。

In order to clarify the facts about China-US economic and trade relations, clarify China’s stance on trade friction with the US, and pursue reasonable solutions, the government of China is publishing this White Paper.

　　一、中美经贸合作互利共赢

　　中美建交以来，双边经贸关系不断发展，贸易和投资等合作取得丰硕成果，实现了优势互补、互利共赢。中国从中受益匪浅，美国也从中获得了广泛、巨大的经济利益，分享了中国发展带来的机遇和成果。事实证明，良好的中美经贸关系对两国发展都具有重要意义，合则两利，斗则两伤。

I. Mutually-beneficial and win-win cooperation between China and the US in trade and economy

Economic and trade relations have developed steadily since the establishment of diplomatic ties between China and the US, with fruitful results achieved in trade and investment. China benefits remarkably from the strong synergy, while the US also reaps extensive economic benefits from the opportunities and results generated by China’s growth. It is self-evident that a sound China-US economic and trade relationship is very important for both countries. Cooperation serves the interests of the two sides and conflict can only hurt both.