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“正词反义”翻译方法介绍
2020-10-16 09:08:23    etogether.net    网络    


10. The head of a factory in Britain which goes baakrupt may proclaim loudly that the bankruptcy was everyone's fault but his own, or he may flee the country to evade the Fraud Squad〔意为“Anti-Fraud Squad”即“防欺诈(警察)队”〕。

                                       —The Study of Current English, February 1975, p.18


11. The grim picture includes mob warfare ... rising police corruption in narcotics squads〔意为“anti-narcotics squads”即“缉毒队”〕….

                                      —Newsweek, April 12, 1982, p.32


12. Hundreds of Polish riot police〔意为“anti-riot police”即“防暴警察”〕battled at least 25,000 union protesters in Warsaw ....

                                      —The Study of Current English, July 1982, p.9

(注:各例中方括号前为“正词”,方括号内为其“反义”及汉译。)


从上列诸例出发,可得到初步的印象如下,供翻译上参考与检验:


1. 正词反义多发生于用作前置定语的名词或复合名词(依次为ams,pornography, oil-pollution, obscenity, serious crime, fraud, homicide, narcotics, riot);

2. 正词反义少发生于由“介词-名词”词组构成的后置定语(如例3中的“of frauds”);

3. 以上“1”和“2”中所述定语所修饰的,以表示法律(law, statute)与执法机关或人(如 squad/detective/police)等概念者为多,其它如会议或运动(conference, campaign)者为少。


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