例二：
在军队中，治疗中暑病员的一种常用方法是将病员浸在冰水中。这种方法板不符合生理要求，因为由此而引起的皮肤血管高度收缩使血液不能流经皮肤，大大减慢机体中心热世散失。此外，尽管机体基本温度略有下降，但浸泡后马上会出现冷颤。这种冷颤是肌肉产生热量而出现的反传用。因而，浸泡降温对敏感的病人极为不适。
最近，Weiner 和Khogali发明了一种给高体温病人降温的方法，原理是用干燥的热空气吹拂皮肤，使被吹热的水从体表蒸发，该方泫较过去使冷水从体表蒸发的做法有所改进。
根据他们的经验，这种方法的降温速度比浸泡降温快4倍。为了运用这种方法，他们研制了一种便携装置，并用这一装置成功地治疗了100名前往沙特阿拉伯麦加朝圣的中暑病人。
在他们经验的基础上，我们用相同的生理学原理在为期两周的沙漠训练（加州帕姆斯第29海军陆战队空地作战中心民政训练演习9-82第44两栖作战小队）中对中暑病员进行了治疗。此外，我们还将这些原理用于体温正常的志愿者，以研究该方法的有效性并对其不良效果作出评价。
In the military, it has been common to treat hyperthermic heat casualties by immersion in icc-containing water. This method is highly unphysiologic, because the secondary profound cutancous vasuconstriction shunts blood awayfrom the skin, which greatly slows heat loss from the body core. In addition, shivering occurs SOon after immersion, even thought core temperature has decreased very little; and this is counterproductive by virtue of muscular heat production. Finally, immersion cooling is extremely unpleasant to the alert patient.
Recently Weiner and Khogali have developed a method for cooling hyperthermic patients based on the principle of vaporization of warm water from the body surface by blowing warm dry air over the skin. Their method is an improvement On previous experience with vaporization of cold water from the body surface.
In their expericnce this method results in a rate of cooling that is five times greater than for immersion cooling. They have developed a portable, self-contained system for application of this method, which has been successfully used to treat 100 heatstroke victims on the Mecca pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia.
Based on their experience, we have utilized the same physiologic principles in treating heat casualties during a two-week period of desert training (44th MAU, CAX 9-82, MCAGCC, 29 Palms, Calif.). In addition, we have applied these principles to normothermic volunteers to study the effectiveness of the method and evaluate untoward effects.
[Mil MED.1984，149:95]
这篇引言由4个自然段组成。第一段介绍该研究的现状，通过评述说明研究的理由和意义；第二、三段介绍他人的研究成果及进展情况；第四段说明本项研究的内容和目的。作者采用列举实例的方法，证实木研究的目的和意义。
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