- 签证留学 |
- 笔译 |
- 口译
- 求职 |
- 日/韩语 |
- 德语
读者认识self这个词恐怕是从myself, yourself之类反身代词开始的。在这些代词中-self是后缀,意思比较单纯,就等于英语中古已有之的单词self (自己)。self-作为一个本族语派生前缀,语源虽然相同,功能与含义却复杂得多,以self-开头的派生词更是数以百计。在这些派生词中,self-有时相当于名词性的oneself (自我),充当词基单词的宾语;更多的却是相当于“介词+ oneself”(自身的,自我的),修饰与限定词基单词;此外, self-还引申出automatic或automatically (自动)的意思,出现于许多科技术语中。应特别注意的是,在构词中,self-都带有连字符(-),而且它不影响词基单词的词性。
下面根据self-的含义举代表性词例以资说明。
self-deceiving [ self- = oneself 自己;deceiving a. 欺骗…的→] a. deceiving oneself欺骗自己的,自欺欺人的/ What he said was only a self-deceiving excuse.他的话只不过是自欺欺人的借口而已。
self-supporting [self- = oneself 自己;supporting a. 支持…的→] a. supporting oneself without outside aid; getting along without help能自己支持的;自主的,自给的/ The children will soon become self-supporting and independent. 小孩子们将很快会自立自主的。
self-conscious [ self- = of oneself 自我的;conscious a. 意识到的=>“conscious of oneself 意识到自己的” →]a. aware of one's own existence, actions and therefore embarrassed 自我意识的; 不自然的,害羞的 / John felt self-conscious and awkward in the waiting-room. 约翰坐在接待室里感到非常忸怩不安。