English:

Surgical nursing, also known as perioperative nursing, encompasses the care of patients before, during, and after surgical procedures. This specialty requires a deep understanding of surgical techniques medical conditions, and the physiological responses of the human body to surgical interventions. Surgical nurses play a crucial role in the operating room, assisting surgeons, anesthesiologists, and other members of the surgical team. Before surgery, they prepare patients both physically and emotionally, ensuring they understand the procedure and addressing any concerns or anxieties they may have. During surgery, surgical nurses maintain a sterile environment, anticipate the needs of the surgical team, and closely monitor the patient's vital signs. After surgery, they provide postoperative care monitoring the patient for complications, managing pain, and promoting wound healing. Additionally, surgical nurses educate patients and their families about postoperative care instructions and help them navigate the recovery process. To excel in this field, surgical nurses must possess strong critical thinking skills, attention to detail, and the ability to remain calm under pressure. Continuous education and training are essential to stay updated on

advancements in surgical techniques and technologies.

Translated content:

外科护理学，也称为围手术期护理，涵盖了对患者在手术前、手术中和手术后的护理。这一专业要求对外科技术、医学疾病以及人体对外科干预的生理反应有深刻的理解。外科护士在手术室中扮演着至关重要的角色，协助外科医生、麻醉师和手术团队的其他成员。手术前，他们在身体和情绪上为患者做好准备，确保他们了解手术过程，并解决可能存在的任何担忧或焦虑。在手术过程中，外科护士维持无菌环境，预见手术团队的需求，并密切监测患者的生命体征。手术后，他们提供术后护理，监测患者是否有并发症，管理疼痛，并促进伤口愈合。此外，外科护士还向患者及其家人提供术后护理指导，并帮助他们应对康复过程。要在这个领域取得成功，外科护士必须具备较强的批判性思维能力、细致的注意力和在压力下保持镇静的能力。持续的教育和培训对于了解外科技术和技术的进展至关重要。

词汇

伤口护理  wound management

伤口       wound               

一    伤口的性质   Nature of Wound Bed

1, 健康肉芽形成    healthy granulation

2, 上皮形成           epithelialisation

3，腐肉                 slough

4，黑色或棕色坏死组织    black/brown necrotic tissue

5，其他（具体说明）        specify

二  渗出液           Exuedate

1，容量   volume   1）较少   slight    2）中等 moderate  3）大量 large

2，性质 type         1）血清的 serous    2）血污的  blood stained  3）脓性的 purulent

3，气味 odour       1）没有    none        2）温和的  mild     3）**的 offensive

三 伤口周边    Wound Margin

1， 颜色  colour       2，水肿的  oedematous

四 伤口深度  Wound Depth

五  红斑         Eryghema

1， 呈现  present    2 离伤口的最远距离 max，distance from wound

六 周围皮肤的性质  General Condition of  Surrounding  Skin

例如：干燥 dry； 湿疹 eczema  

七  疼痛程度  Pain

没有 0 none     温和 1 mild   中等 2 moderate   严重 3 severe

间歇的 intermittent    恒定不变的 constant   换药时  at dressing change

八  感染  Infection

1，疑似 suspected    2，伤口拭子送检 wound swab sent  3，确诊病菌感染 confirmed