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(三)译成“受到”,“得到”,“遭到”等
汉语的“受到……”,“得到……”和“遭到……”等动宾结构具有典型的被动意义。把英语的某些披动句译为这一结构往往颇为得体。这样译的结果,英语的谓语动词就变成了汉语的宾语。
例如:
例 10 Every day our earth is bombarded by pieces of stone known as meteors.
地球每天都受到称为流星的石块的撞击。
例 11 All six targets were killed during the combat, four being shot down by the first few rounds,whilst the remaining two were seriously damaged.
战斗中,所有六个目标都被击中。其中四个被最初几发弹击落,而另两个也遭到严重的杀伤。
(四)译成“加以”,“予以”,“为……所”等
不用改变原文语序,在谓语动词前加译“加以”,“予以”,“为……所”等,即可把某些英语被动句译成汉语被动句。例如:
例 12 Other advantages of our invention will be discussed in the following.
本发明的其它特点将在下文中予以讨论。
例 13 These problems must be solved before the test starts.
这些问题必须在试验开始前加以解决。
(五) 译成“是……的”句型
“是……的”句型是汉语的一个加强句型,适用于说明或表示某一事实或状态的英语被动句的翻译。例如:
例 13 Maize is also called "Indian corn" because it was first grown by the American Indians.
玉米也叫作“印第安玉米”,因为它最初是美洲印第安人种植的。
例 13 The most famous comet of all, Halley's Comet, was first sighted by the Chinese in 240 B. C.
彗星中最著名的哈雷彗星乃是中国人在公元前204年首先发现的。
例 14 Usually the dues are calculated on the registered tonnage of the ship.
港口税通常是以船只的注册吨位计算的。
例 15 Malaria is caused by a tiny parasite carried, by mosquitoes.
疟疾是蚊子携带的极小的寄生虫传朶的。
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