11. In the day time it is very hot on the moon, but it is very cold at night.
在月球上，白天很热,但黑夜却很冷。
12. Is that bag heavy, Mary?
玛丽，那个提包重吗？
13. The earth is bigger than the moon.
地球比月球大些。
14. If there is a village that is very poor, let us find out why it is very poor.
如果有个非常贫穷的村庄，那就让我们查明它为什 么非常贫穷。
15. The relation of genius to talent is the same as that of instinct to reason.
天资之于才华有如本能之于理智。
3. 表语译作主语
在英语里，用无生物名词作主语，使英语气味更加浓厚，句意更为漂亮和含蓄。在这样的含有表语的句子里，按照英语语法观点看来，某一个词或词组虽是句中的表语，但如果根据整句意思去理解，该词或词组在译文里就不宜作 “是”动词的宾语，而应转译成主语，这样才能首先表明具体 事情，突出原文的意思,才能使译文上下句的意思和词句连 贯起来。
例句：
16. The shortest distance between raw and a finished part is casting.
铸造是把原材料加工成成品的最简便的方法。
17. The monoplane is now the commonest type of aircraft.
目前最常见的飞机类型是单翼机。
18. One of the most important ways of earning money in the south of France is by keeping silkworms.
在法国南部，养蚕是一种最重要的生财之道。
19. A serious threat to farmers in many parts of the world is erosion.
在世界上的很多地区，土壤侵蚀对于农民是一种严 重的威胁。